( brii ) 



" April 16, 1918. 



" In addition to the 15 aegeria, bred from over-wintered 

 pupae, I am sending an example of the first wild spring form 

 seen in 1918, one of several met with in a very short walk. 

 It is a o, captured on April 5, the day on which one of the 

 bred males emerged. They are very considerably like each 

 other. I also send a dark wild male resembling a 2nd brood 

 (summer) form. As referred to in the accompanying paper, 

 it probably is a 2nd brood specimen, which, owing to retarded 

 emergence, has over-wintered as a pupa, and should have 

 been a last summer's butterfly." 



Further notes on Pararge aegeria, race egerides, by 

 Dr. R. C. L. Perkins.— With butterflies which emerged at 

 the end of August 1917 (these being part of the summer 

 brood bred that year), pairings took place in the cages and 

 eggs were laid from the first to the third week in September. 

 As the weather became colder the larger caterpillars were 

 placed in the warmest situation procurable (but not exposed 

 to any artificial heat), and. fed on the most luxuriant grass. 

 In spite of this, many of them grew very slowly indeed, and 

 consequently, there being no chance of their pupating, these 

 were liberated, as had been already done with the greater 

 number of the smallest larvae obtained from the September 

 eggs. Eighteen pupae in all were obtained at the end of 

 October or early in November. It was a noteworthy fact 

 that of the 18 caterpillars from which these resulted, not one 

 pupated on the growing grass within the cage, but all left 

 this and attached themselves to the dry bark of the uprights 

 or crosspieces that supported the covering. In this respect 

 they contrasted very strongly with the pupae obtained in the 

 early summer, for a large proportion f these were attached 

 to the blades of grass. Also some of these winter pupae were 

 extraordinarily dark, appearing almost black to the naked 

 eye before the emergence of the butterflies. Two pupae died 

 during the winter and one produced a cripple, the butterfly 

 having, on emergence, fallen from the pupa-case, to which it 

 was clinging, on to the damp earth beneath. The other 15, 

 except that one or two were insignificantly damaged by 



