to an Insect Fauna of the Amazon Valley. 337 



Amazon. I found examples of a $ in company wiili Cunmo??, at Esja, destitute 

 of white spot on the fore wing, which I consider tlie j of Cynmon. 1 add a 

 description of it : — Cyamim 5. Somewliat smaller than $ Ariarathes. Wings 

 black, apical half nf fore wing much cleaier, fuscous. Foie wing, above, imma- 

 culate ; beneath, with two deep-red spots at the base. Hind wing, above, with a 

 belt composed of five elongate red spots, of which the anal one is geminated, 

 the central one sometimes extending into the cell ; beneath, the same spots 

 paler in colour, and with two deep-red spots at the base. Rest as in F. 

 Ariarathes. Two specimens taken at Kga. 



Var. Gai/}, Lucas $. Also an extreme var. of the ^. I obtained a s'ngle 

 example at Ega, which I have compared with the typical specimen of Gayi 

 in the Collection of the Jaidin des Plantes, at Paris. The spot of the foie 

 wing, darker and clearer cream-coloured than in Ariarathes, is large and 

 sub-quadrate in form, and situated near( r lo the base of the wing on the hind 

 margin. The red macular belt of the hind wing is reduced to two spots, 

 viz. : one, the usual twin spot at the anal angle, and another a little rp- 

 moved from it. The rest as in the Ariarathes ^ . The Parisian specimen was 

 obtained (rom Cusco, in the -south of Peru, doubtless from the humid forests 

 of the Upper Ucayali near there, which are continuous with those of the 

 Teffe, where mine was captured. 



Var. Evdgnras, Westw., Gray, $ and 5- This form was described from spe- 

 cimens taken in Venezuela by Dyson, having been first referred erroneously 

 by Doubleday to the //its of Fabricius. The f^ differs in no essential point 

 from the $ of the Ariarathes type. The 5 is rather more distinct, the spot of 

 the fore wings being dusky cream-coloured instead of while. The rharncter 

 ofl^ered by the red belt of the hind wing extending into the cell, as given in 

 Gray's figure, is not of specific importance, as it occurs in individuals of 

 several other species of this and allied groups. Males agreeing with Eva- 

 goras have been taken on the Rio Negro in the Amazon region, and I found 

 the form also at f^ga. It is a curious fact, that most of those J Pupiliones 

 which, towards the mouth of the Amazon, have a large white spot on the fore 

 wing, show a tendency to lose it in localities higher up the river, or in 

 Guiana, as we shall see piesently in P. Hinpason and P. Lvsander. In some 

 species, indeed, the white spot changes in some of the individuals lo a dusky 

 yellowish tint, as well as disappearing altogether in others. In the present 

 species «e see the J has lost the spot in J Cyamon, and has changed the 

 colour of it in $ Evagnrns 'J'he same takes place in P. Pulros of Gray, as 

 will be seen in treating of that species. 



P. Hippason $ , Cram. 29 E. $ (Hippa.wn). 



? , ib. 269 A. B. (.-Jinusis). 

 Local var. Paraensis, nob. S and ? , Gray Cat. B. M. p. 58, pi, 



10, f. 3 {Ilippason, var. 

 b. ?). 



P. Hippnson occurs in the Amazon region only as a local variety of the Surinam 

 type, as figured by Cramer. But the variety is shown distinctly only in the female 

 sex, as in other species of Papilio. The gray and white spot of the fore wing of 

 the $ differs much in examples from one and the same locality. The 5 of the 

 Surinam type, so far as we know, has spotless fore wings; in the Purnensis it 

 has aliraijs a large rounded white spot in the cenire. It is only found in the 

 neighbourhood of Para, where it frequents the borders of the luxuriant, humid 

 forest to the N.E. of the city. It flies very rapidly, but is not very difficult of 

 capture on account of the fearlessness with which ii allows itself to be-nppronched 

 when settled on foliage. It is a strikingly handsome species, distinguished from 

 all its congeners by its peculiarly straight antennaa, and is interesting as having 

 no other species nearly allied to it, and being confined in its lange to Guiana and 

 the Delta of the Amazon. 



