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this hypothesis. This was not so ; Col. Manders' position, 

 if sustained, would affect Batesian no less than Miillerian 

 Mimicry. One controversy was enough at a time, and to 

 emphasise one hypothesis as Col. Manders had done was to 

 run the risks of obscuring the main issue. 



The essential argument of Col. Manders' paper was concerned 

 with birds and butterflies, and Prof. Poulton proposed to leave 

 this in the able hands of Mr. C. F. M. Swynnerton, who had 

 done so much along this very line of work, and whose con- 

 clusions, already briefly stated in " The Ibis " and in the 

 Memoirs of the Second International Entomological Congress 

 (1912), were not even mentioned by Col. Manders. It was 

 very fortunate that we had Mr. Swynnerton with us to speak 

 in this discussion, although every Fellow present would regret 

 the absence of Col. Manders and of Dr. G. D. H. Carpenter. 



Col. Manders, referring to insects found by Dr. Carpenter 

 in the stomachs of birds, had spoken of " the aposematic 

 crimson and blue bodies of the latter (dragon-flies) evidently 

 affording them no protection." The term " aposematic " 

 carried with it the implication of conspicuousness and display : 

 it involved an investigation into the relationship between colour, 

 movement, and attitude, and Prof. Poulton did not believe 

 that such an inquiry would support the suggestion that the 

 bright tints of dragon-flies were warning colours. 



Another good example of Col. Manders' reasoning was seen 

 in his treatment of Mr. S. A. Neave's observations on a wag- 

 tail which rejected an Acraea. " These birds only eat small 

 insects," he wrote, as if he had disposed of the whole matter, 

 without stopping to inquire whether the Acraea was large 

 or small or what relation its size bore to that of the Terias 

 which was eaten by the bird. Nor did Col. Manders refer to 

 the fact that the Acraea in being rejected received disabling 

 injuries similar to those which were commonly exhibited by 

 specially protected species. 



It was unnecessary to repeat the discussion following 

 Mr. Fryer's observations on the attacks by Artamus fuscus 

 on Danaine butterflies in Ceylon, but it would be remembered 

 that much attention was paid these most valuable records, 

 although, for the reasons given, but now passed over by Col. 



