( c ) 



Aug. 4th. A pupa darkened in the morning and emerged the 

 same evening by 10 p.m. A light testaceous, except for a 

 darker shade on the disk of the thorax. In twenty-four hours 

 it was fully coloured; a female. The only variation I have 

 noticed is in the lower light horseshoe band on the elytra; 

 some specimens have only a slight trace of it. The male is 

 easily distinguished by its white head. The insects pair very 

 readily in captivity, and the pairing lasts for an hour. On 

 either side of the retractile segment bearing the genitalia of 

 the male are two movable setae on a short joint. They are 

 just the length of the last ventral segment of the female ; during 

 the pairing they spread over this segment like a pair of com- 

 passes, giving a firm grip underneath and apparently acting 

 also as an excitant. 



Larva. — The larva is somewhat flattened, the head being 

 sunk. It is white and glistening, covered with the powder 

 from the Aleurodes larvae on which it feeds. There are six 

 rows of tubercles, each with a pale testaceous, transparent, 

 glossy centre, from which the pale yellow setae grow. These 

 setae are broad at the base and taper to a fine point. They 

 curve inwards in the series on either side of the median line. 

 I think they are glandular, and exude a sticky substance to 

 which the powder of the Aleurodes adheres. 



The two claws at the anal extremity attach the larva and 

 pupa most firmly to the ivy leaves. The larva arches its back 

 in walking, using these claws. It has three eyes at each side. 



Pu^a.— The pupa is of the same colour as the larva, but 

 the setae are black and the tubercles much smaller. The 

 membrane enclosing elytra and wings is set with stout bristles. 

 It retains the cast larval skin telescoped into dense folds 

 round its last segments. The tubercles of the first four dorsal 

 segments of the hind body are darker than the rest. 



Coniopteryx. — I have found great numbers of Coniopteryx 

 psociformis. Mr. Arrow very kindly identified it. Its larva 

 and perfect insect also feed on the larvae of the Aleurodes. The 

 larva is covered with the powder of the Aleurodes. I kept 

 several in tubes, but had to leave home for a fortnight. On 

 my return I found an imago had emerged, but I missed seeing 

 the pupa. 



