270 Dr. Malcolm Burr's Note on the Manubrium 



As will be seen from the following observations, we 

 have already been able to make good use of the manubrium 

 in two cases — that is, the definition of the Psalinae, and 

 the separation therefrom of " Psalis" femoralis. 



In the Diplatyinae, I am able to show the manubrium 

 in three species, all Indian ; in none of these is it prominent, 

 only a slight extension of the basal edge of the plate being 

 discernible. 



Of the Pygidicraninae, we have the case of Kalocrania 

 picta, Guer. Here it is a trifle longer than broad, rounded 

 at the tip, with the sides parallel. 



In the Pyragrinae, we are able to figure it in four 

 species, representing two genera; i. e. Pyragra dohrni and 

 P. fuscata, Serv., and Pyragropsis paraguayensis and P. 

 thoracica, Serv. In all of these it is rather transverse and 

 broadly rounded, approaching the semicircular. 



In the Echinosomatinae, the figure of E. sumatranum 

 shows it to be very similar in that group. 



Passing from the Pygidicranidae to the Labiduridae 

 we find it triangular in Esphalmenus camposi, Bor., but 

 whether this is of specific or of generic importance remains 

 to be seen ; the figure of this species shows prominently 

 the characteristic apical incision, with lobes, of the trans- 

 verse ninth segment of that species. 



In the Labiditrinae, we find an almost rectangular 

 manubrium in the case of Labidura riparia ; it will be in- 

 teresting to see if this form occurs also in the aUied Nala 

 and Forcipula. 



We now come to the Psalinae, and here we meet with a 

 startling change. The eight species figured show the very 

 prominent, disproportionately long, manubrium, which 1 

 now take as the distinguishing character of this group. 

 There is a general similarity of structure in each case, but 

 the actual length of the manubrium varies, especially in 

 proportion to the length of the sternite, which is in itself a 

 very useful feature. This is seen in EuhoreUia penicillata, 

 Bor., from South India, where it is not twice as long as 

 the sternite, nor indeed scarcely more than 1| times as 

 long, but in Eulabis saramaccensis, Zacher, it is nearly 

 three times as long. 



In Psalis americana, Beauv., and Carcinophera robusta, 

 Scudd. (= Psalis gagatina. King), it is at the base about a 

 third as \\'ide as the sternite, but rapidly narrowed ; the 

 sides then meet, and diverge only at the apex to form a 



