British Species of Caddis-flies. 13 
discoidal cell short and triangular, first apical sector united to the 
radius by a transverse vein, fifth apical sector furcate in the female, 
simple in the male. Legs stout, femora deeply grooved beneath, 
tibize and tarsi with very short spines, the anterior more strongly 
so than the others, spurs rather long, the pairs nearly equal. Ab- 
domen robust, especially in the female; in the male the terminal 
segment is strongly fringed with long hairs and furnished with 
long prominent appendices; in the female the apical segment 
beneath forms a hollow egg-pouch, with two superior and two 
lateral valves. 
Larva inhabiting standing waters, or very slowly running rivers. 
(see Bil I fig;/10.) 
Case composed of vegetable fibres or pieces of leaf, &c., cut 
into equal lengths, and arranged side by side in a spiral manner 
toward the left. 
This genus, as now restricted, contains the largest species of 
British Trichopterous insects. They are sluggishly-flying nocturnal 
creatures, well known to all Entomologists, and possess a strong, 
but not very disagreeable odour. 
According to the neuration, it would perhaps have been better 
to place P. minor in a separate genus. I have, however, seen a 
female of P. grandis in which the seventh apical sector was 
(aberrantly) not furcate. 
We possess five species, as follows :— 
A. Seventh apical sector of the anterior wings furcate in the 
Female. 
1. Phryganea grandis, Linné. 
(Pl. II. fig. 23, case; Pl. III. fig. 1, neuration and palpi; Pl. IX. 
fig. 1, appendices.) 
Phryganea grandis, Linn. Faun. Suec. n. 1485 (1761), and 
other authors; P. atomaria, Steph. (*) Ill. p. 206, 3 (1837) ; 
Trichostegia grandis, Kol. Gen. et Spec. Trichop. pt. 1, p. 84, 1. 
Antennz brown, with narrow yellowish annulations. Head 
dark fuscous, with long cinereous hairs. Palpifuscous. Prothorax 
thickly clothed with long cinereous hairs. Mesothorax dark fuscous, 
darkest at the sides. Anterior wings in the male greyish-brown, 
clouded and irrorated with dark brown; a somewhat conspicuous 
elongated ashy spot in the sixth apical cell, and a smaller round 
one at the base of the third; veins fuscous. Posterior wings dull 
greyish-brown, palest towards the base ; apical veins broadly 
margined with fuscous, In the female the anterior wings are 
cinereous, clouded with brown; a rather broad interrupted blackish 
