rad 
British Species of Caddis-flies. 156 
Pupa long and narrow, with small head and prothorax; man- 
dibles externally provided with one large, and several smaller 
teeth (see PI. II. fig. 22); abdomen without respiratory filaments 
or fringes. ‘These pupz shortly before they assume the perfect 
state are very active when taken out of the cases. I have seen 
one walk across an ordinary-sized round table, and use every 
endeavour to escape. In the pupe of the males the anal appen- 
dices are highly developed, so much so that it is often possible 
by this means to identify the species to which they belong. 
Case an oval heap of stones into which the larva occasionally 
retires ; the cocoon of the pupa is long and brown. 
We possess four recorded species of this numerous genus, three 
of which are recent discoveries. ‘There can be no doubt that more 
will yet be found, especially in the mountain districts of Scotland 
and Ireland. 
A. Terminal joint of the inferior appendices in the male not 
cleft. 
1. Rhyacophila dorsalis, Curtis. 
(Pl. II. fig. 9, larva and pupa; Pl. XIV. figs. 7, 8, app.) 
Philopotamus dorsalis, Curt. (*) Phil. Mag. p. 213, 6 (1834); 
Rhyacophila dorsalis, Hag. (*) Stett. Zeit. 1859, p. 153, 1; 
Ent. Ann. 1860, p.79, 78; Philopotamus longipennis, Curt. (*) 
~ Phil. Mag. p. 213, 6 6 (1834); Rhyacophila vulgaris, Steph. 
(*) Ill. p. 165, 1 (1836); Crunophila vulgaris, Kol. Gen, et 
Spec. Trichop. pt. 2, p. 196, 3, pl. 1, fig. 3?; Rhyacophila 
stigma, Steph. (*) Ill, p. 166, 2 (1836); &. opaca, Steph. (*) 
Il]. p. 166, 3 (1836). 
Antenne brown, with paler annulations, Head and _ thorax - 
dark reddish-brown. Palpi brown. Anterior wings greyish 
brown, thickly irrorated with small pale-yellowish spots, many of 
which are confluent; a large rhombic whitish, spot, with darker 
irrorations, is placed about the middle of the dorsal margin in 
each wing, and when the wings are closed, these spots meet and 
form one very conspicuous dorsal blotch; between this spot and 
the base are one or two longitudinal fuscous streaks; apical margin 
spotted with greyish ; pterostigma shghtly darker; veins brown; 
the female is always darker, with the paler irrorations and dorsal 
spot less conspicuous; the coloration varies very much in dif- 
ferent individuals. Posterior wings greyish, subhyaline, with a 
brownish pterostigmatic mark. Legs testaceous. Abdomen 
