EXXvL 
plumules upon them which abound on the other species. This group consists of P. 
Thestylis of Doubleday, an undescribed species closely allied to it, P. Clemanthe, Dd., 
and P. Autothisbe of Boisduval. This is confirmed by another distinctive character 
which these species possess, the costal margin of the anterior wings being strongly 
serrated. I felt therefore very much interested, when, on paying a visit to Mr. 
Wallace, who is now studying the Pieridx, I found that he has also set apart this 
group. I send this notice to confirm an opinion I have expressed elsewhere, that a 
study of these plumules will produce evidence which ‘ will assist in determining the 
sexes, as well as in testing the worth of nearly allied species.’ I may add that these 
species have for many years been put together in my collection, having noticed the 
peculiar serration of the wings.” 
Mr. E. W. Janson exhibited, on bebalf of Mr. T. J. Harris, of Burton-on-Trent, a 
specimen of Macronychus quadrituberculatus, Mi/ler, a Coleopterous insect previously 
unknown to inhabit Britain, captured by that geutleman, early in the autumn of 1864, 
in the vicinily of that town. 
Mr. 8S. Stevens exhibited a remarkably fine pair of the rare beetle Eucheirus 
Duponchelii, and a number of small exotic beetles taken for the most part in ants’ 
nests. 
Mr. Weir exhibited a paper-like substance used by a Ceylon ant for lining its nest. 
Mr. M‘Lachlan mentioned that the galls on the elm which were exhibited by Mr. 
F. Smith at the previous Meeting (anie, p. xxxii.) had been described by Claude Joseph 
Geoffroy in 1724, and by Réaumur in 1737, the latter of whom gave figures of the 
gall: De Geer and Eticnne Louis Geoffroy (1764) also referred to it, and the insect 
was the Schizoneura gallarum-ulmi of De Geer. 
Prof. Westwood exhibited a highly magnified drawing of a monstrous individual 
of Pieris Pyrrha, a Brazilian butterfly, from the collection of Mr. Hewitson, of which 
the two wings on the left side of the body and the fore wing and costa of the hind 
wing on the right side were coloured as in the male (being white on the upper surface 
with a black tip to the fore wings, thus resembling Pieris Brassice), whilst the 
remainder of the right hind wing was coloured as in the female, thus resembling one 
of the Heliconiide. Prof. Westwood remarked that such a specimen and such a 
species afforded ground for some comment on the relationship of those mimetic 
animals which had recently attracted so much attention, and had afforded Mr. Bates 
materials for a remarkable and elaborate paper in the ‘Transactions of the Linnean 
Society.’ Prof. Westwood, in the first place, considered that every species of animal 
(except in the instances noticed below) was, so far as its habits and economy were 
concerned, as independent of its so-called allied species as if every individual of the 
latter had ceased to exist; the same might also be affirmed even of the individuals of 
each species, except, 
Ist, in the relations of the sexes of each species, and the result of their union; 
2nd, in the relation between an individual or species and the animal or vegetable 
upon which it subsists ; and 
3rd, in cases of perfect socialism, where many individuals assist in the economy of 
the society. 
This independence in economy was the result of similar independence or isolation 
in structural relations, and implied the genetic distinction of each species. But 
