of the Hymenopterous genus Scleroderma. 111 
the same year, while others remain in the pupal stage 
until the following season. So also with the Cryptus 
parasitic thereon ; and a remarkable instance of similar 
incongruity has been recorded by the late Mr. F. Smith 
in Osmia parietina (Cat. Brit. Bees, 2nd edition, 1876, 
p. 150). 
Having several miscellaneous species of living larve 
from the same locality, I placed a variety of these at the 
disposal of the Scleroderme, together with other tempting 
baits (having first secured the winged specimen), all 
being neglected alike. Three of the brood, which sur- 
vived longer than the rest, had been fumigated with 
sulphur, together with others, and subsequently sub- 
merged in water during a whole night, but they resusci- 
tated on the morrow. ‘They were then treated with 
cyanide of potassium for some time; after which one 
again revived when expanded and gummed on a card. 
In a few of the cocoons (four or five) the adult larve, 
or immature pup, were found as compressed yellow 
erubs, tapering at each extremity; and in two instances 
certain worm-like bodies, of a translucent piceous hue, 
exhibiting a somewhat segmental character, were pro- 
truding from the anal apex of these grubs, others of like 
nature being extracted singly from various cocoons whose 
inmates had quitted their domicile; the former being 
apparently the meconium which adult larve are accus- 
tomed to emit on the termination of the feeding stage. 
The true males of Scleroderma were long undeter- 
mined, although Professor Westwood described two 
species, considered as such, in his monograph of this 
genus, published in the second volume of our Trans- 
actions (1887, p. 164), one of which he also figured 
(pl. xv., fig. 12) ; but in his ‘ Thesaurus’ (1874) he com- 
pletes the diagnosis of the genus from my specimens of 
a@ new species in the Hopeian Museum at Oxford, the 
veining of whose wings in the male corresponds with 
that of the winged female of S. ephippiwm. The two 
sexes of S. cylindrica were also figured by the late 
Mr. F. Smith from my specimens in the British Museum 
(B. M. Catal., part 8, 1855; Pl. m. fig, 2 3, fig. 3 2), 
although the veining of the wings is very inadequately 
defined in the absence of an enlarged figure thereof. 
The affinities of Scleroderma to the Proctotrupide, 
suggested in Prof. Westwood’s aforesaid monograph, are 
supported by the ascertained economy of this species, as 
