species of the Homopterous genus Orthezia. 299 
I have said that I hesitate to call the small autumnal 
forms larve, and for this reason, that with the females I 
also then find male forms of the same size (known by 
the two projecting posterior lamine), and if the females 
be then fertilised by winged males (as has been said), 
they cannot be in the larva-state. But it is equally 
certain that some males, at any rate, do not acquire 
wings in the autumn, for I find, at the end of May and 
up to the middle of June, some of the same forms as in 
the autumn, and scarcely larger, along with the gravid 
females. Now, the question, is for what purpose have 
these males existed through the winter, and for what 
purpose do they still exist? If they shall yet become 
winged, what end can they then serve unless to attend 
on a generation of females at the present time unborn, 
but which will also have, according to precedent, a 
contemporaneous generation of males? Or will they 
serve the purpose of procreation without becoming alate, 
and thus show that they are in the perfect condition, and 
that, in this species at least, the male is dimorphous ? 
That winged males are very rare, we know; it may well 
be that only a few, at times, attain this perfection of 
development; still, the existence of apterous males, 
whether perfect or not, side by side with females having 
marsupia already full of full-sized eggs, is a curious 
subject for elucidation. It is scarcely a probable solution 
that the said eggs have yet to be fertilised by males not 
yet developed. Are the females then, in some genera- 
tions, agamous, or does parthenogenesis exist here ? 
There is an accessible figure of the winged male in the 
frontispiece of Westwood’s ‘Introduction to the Modern 
Classification of Insects.’ The denuded female is figured 
by Léon Dufour in his ‘ Recherches sur les Hémipteres,’ 
pli ix. fies 102: 
2. Orthezia cataphracta, Shaw. 
The form is broad-oval, the denuded body yellowish, 
the cereous covering matter cream-white. In the adult 
female—length 2 lines, including the marsupium—the 
frontal node is bilobed, thick and not much projecting ; 
the lamine of the circumference short, all of equal 
breadth, curved under, the posterior ones only being 
a little longer than the others, forming altogether a 
raised compact border. On the back, the segmentation 
