which attack cereal crops. 623 
In Loudon’s ‘ Gardener’s Magazine,’ vol. xiii. (1887), 
p- 289, I published an article on wheat-flies, giving an 
abstract of the memoirs of Bjerkander, Markwick, 
Marsham, Fallen, and Olivier, and recording the fact 
that I had received from Mr. Raddon, about the middle of 
April preceding, several species of a Chlorops in the winged 
state (which I considered to be identical with the C. glabra 
of Meigen, but which is certainly the same insect as is 
figured by Olivier as O. pumilionis, by Curtis as C. teniopus, 
and by Guérin as C. lineata), which had been found in 
great profusion amongst wheat whilst removing it from 
the rick in which it had stood through the winter. This 
is an Important point gained with respect to the economy 
of these flies, showing that the pupe must have been 
carried with the upper part of the straw to the rick 
where the flies had hatched, either in the autumn or 
early spring. The former is more probable (the flies 
remaining in the rick till the spring), because it is 
of common occurrence to observe these little flies in our 
apartments during the autumn, at which period, in 1834, 
‘‘ they literally swarmed in the houses in the immediate 
neighbourhood of the metropolis, the white ceilings of 
rooms appearing quite discoloured by their numbers ”’ 
(p. 293).* 
In this article I further mentioned that I had received, 
from D. Sharp, Esq., F.L.S., a fly twice the size of those 
from Mr. Raddon, which he had reared from wheat in 
Huntingdonshire, that was attacked when six or eight 
inches out of the ground by the larve, which devoured 
the centre of the stem, and so killed the plants. It is not 
shining like the Chlorops from Mr. Raddon, and the 
yellow marks on the thorax are less conspicuous ; the 
tips of the femora, as well as the tibiw and tarsi, are 
brown. ‘The veins of the wings are arranged as in Mr. 
Raddon’s Chlorops. 
In Dr. Lindley’s ‘ Gardener’s Chronicle’ for 1848, 
pp. 780 and 796, I published two articles on wheat- 
flies, especially describing their attacks on the wheat 
plants, causing swellings of the base and centre of the 
plants. 
There are also articles in the last-mentioned work for 
1846, p. 596; and 1856, p. 158, by Mr. Curtis. 
** In the Berlin. Ent. Zeitschrift, t. i., p. 172, 1857, large swarms 
of Chlorops nasuta are described. 
