126 
ease until it strikes a white line from last 
segment along middle of side of abdomen ; 
on each side of mesonotum a white dot 
and one on each side of most of the abdom- 
inal segments ; the junctions of these seg- 
ments indicated by a white line. Duration 
of the stage 9 days. 
I described Apatura alicia, with plate, 
in the Butterflies of N. A., 1868, v. 1, 
p- 135. In 1874, Mr. Riley, in his 6th 
Mo. Rep., argued at length against the 
probability of its being a good species, or 
more than a variety of A. celtis. But he 
closes by saying very fairly, ‘‘ But all such 
questions must be left to the future to de- 
cide ; meanwhile Mr. Edwards’ opinion is, 
in one sense, as rightly held as Mr. Scud- 
der’s or mine.” 
Mr. Seudder, in his Synonymical list, 
1875, put A.alicia as a synonym of A. celtis, 
not even crediting it as a possible variety. 
The only way, therefore, to settle the 
point, was to breed this form from the egg, 
and for several years I have made every 
effort to do so, and at last have succeeded. 
I received from a correspondent in south- 
eastern Florida several examples of the 
butterfly early in the season of 1880, and 
I urged him to attempt getting eggs by 
enclosing a female in a bag over a limb of 
any species of Celtis tree found there. 
This was done, and seven eggs were for- 
warded to me by mail. I received two 
larvae from these eggs, hatched on the 
road, on 15 June. The eggs were laid 
on Celtis integrifolia Chapman, but the 
larvae fed readily on C. occidentalis here. 
One escaped after its second moult, but 
the other went on to chrysalis. 
On 17 August, I received several more 
PSYCHE. 
larvae froin eggs obtained in the same 
manner. They were near the first moult 
when they came, and began to pass it on 
19 August. Of these I raised five to ima- 
go; some died. And examples at every 
stage were put in alcohol. 
The larva after first moult is distinct 
from that of A. celtis. It is uniform dark 
green, sprinkled with separate yellow tu- 
bercles, which are equally distributed over 
whole upper surface — dorsum and sides ; 
on each side of dorsal area is a fine line of 
same tubercles close set, from head to the 
end of the tail; on middle of side a wavy 
line, and below spiracles a straight one ; 
the face is pale green, along the top brown, 
the back dark green; the horns are brown 
in front, green behind; the single spurs 
along back of head are all green ; the horns 
are all larger, more tapering, and branches 
shorter than in A. celtis. 
A, celtis after first moult has the dorsum 
occupied by a band composed of yellow 
tubercles, a space in middle of this band 
on posterior half of each segment from 2 
to 13, being green; the sides are green, 
and the line on side is crenated, not wavy ; 
along base a straight line as in alicia ; the 
face is either black or purple or green ; the 
horns are green; the ends of the spurs 
usually purple or black. 
Each species preserves these character- 
istics through the next stages. After the 
fourth moult (the last stage), alicia, as 
already described, is always of one shade 
of color over back and sides— yellow- 
green ; covered uniformly with small, sep- 
arated tubercles ; there are two sub-dorsal 
lines as before described, and the wavy line 
on side has given place to an oblique mark 
on segments 6 to 11; there is no medio- 
