io CET E.. 
FURTHER NOTES ON SOME TINEID LARVAE. 
BY VACTOR TOUSEY CHAMBERS, COVINGTON, KY. 
Phyllocnistis. In a former numero 
(v. 3, no. 73, p. 67) I have stated that 
larvae of this genus molt only twice; 
becoming pupae at the second molt. 
This statement was the result of careful 
examinations of numerous mines and 
larvae, but since it was made accident 
has revealed what careful observation 
failed to discover. A short time since I 
observed in a mine a larva with the an- 
terior segments so much swollen as to 
give the larva the appearance of a small 
paddle, and on removing it from the mine 
I found that it was in the act of molting. 
There are therefore three molts in this 
genus. This larva was only one-third 
grown, measuring only about 1.3 mm. in 
length, whereas the mature larva measures 
about 3.9 mm., but there is no intervening 
molt, as frequent and careful observation 
has shown beyond a doubt. There may 
be an earlier molt, but if so I have failed 
to find any indication of it; if there is, 
then according to the regular ratio which 
obtains in the sizes of allied genera the 
larva ought then to be 0.65 mm. long. 
These larvae, and those of most other 
leafminers, are translucent, and filled with 
the green parenchyma in which they are 
embedded, so that in their younger stages 
it is not only almost impossible to know 
whether or not they are molting, but it is 
difficult even to detect their presence in 
the leaf until they are one-third grown. 
The full-grown larva, before it assumes 
the second form of trophi, has eight 
pairs of lateral pseudopodia, which are 
membranous, retractile and not armed 
with either claws or tentacles; the first 
two pairs, placed on the first and second 
abdominal segments, are smaller than 
the others ; there are also two long mem- 
branous retractile processes at the anal 
end, which seem to represent the anal 
prolegs of lepidopterous larvae. The pu- 
pal state continues eight days in summer, 
and the imago hibernates. In the last 
larval stage the trophi are so much abor- 
ted that it is difficult to tell what organs 
they represent ; they are figured too dis- 
tinctly, ante p. 67. The organs of the 
imago can be discovered within those of 
the pupa on the third day after the latter 
is disclosed and perhaps even earlier. 
Nepticula. What is written above as 
to the difficulty of observations on young 
larvae of Phyllocnistis applies equally to 
the larvae of this genus. Until recently 
only one larval molt — that by which the 
pupa is disclosed—has been known in this 
genus. Another, earlier, molt has, I be- 
lieve, been observed in a European spe- 
cies, and according to my observations 
(given below) the number does not seem 
to be the same in all the species. The 
larval life in the mine is too short to 
