PP SMIOAEL. 
Bennett, Alfred W. Fertilization of the 
pansy. (Nature, 19 June 1873, v. 8, p. 143, 
5 cm.) 
Records observations on viola calcarata, v. elatior 
and wv. /actea which he believes to be fertilized by bees; 
and on v. tricolor which he believes to be fertilized by 
thrips. W; T. (2351) 
Bennett, Alfred W. The fertilization of the 
wild pansy. (Nature, 15 May 1873, v. 8, 
P- 49-50. ) 
Describes the structure of the flowers of v/ola tri- 
color var, arvensis, which he believes adapted to fertili- 
zation by thrips. Notes the presence of these insects 
in the flowers. We (2352) 
Bennett, Alfred W. Fertilization of ruscus 
aculeatus. (Journ. of botany, Jan. 1870, 
v. 8, p. 9-10, II cm.) 
Inquires as to the mode of fertilization. Believes 
that the time of flowering, in’‘midwinter, is against its 
fertilization by insects, and cannot see how it can be 
anemophilous. Criticizes a statement of M’ Nab, as to the 
disposition and time of appearance of the flowers. 
(2353) 
Bennett. Alfred W. Further observations 
on protandry and protogyny. (Journ. of 
botany, 1871, v. 9, p. 329-330.) 
Notes that some of the species noted in his ‘*Observa- 
tions in protandry and protogyny” ... [Rec., 2356] as 
synacmic are protandrous, while a few noted before as 
protandrous are synacmic. Describes adaptation to 
cross-fertilization in one or two species, and adds to 
the list of plants observed with respect to protandry or 
protogyny. Wis Te 2354) 
Bennett, Alfred W.. Note on the structure and 
affinities of farnassia palustris, L. (Journ. 
Linn. soc., Bot., 19 Nov. 1868, v. 11 [1871], 
p- 24-31.) 
Includes a description of the flower and of its fertil- 
ization by insects, chiefly ‘‘a long-legged dipterous 
fellow.” W: T. (2355) 
Bennett, Alfred W. Observations in pro- 
tandry and protogyny in British plants. 
(Journ. of botany, Oct. 1870, v. 8, p. 315- 
227.) 
Abstract. (Rept. Brit. assoc. advanc. 
Sci., 1870, p. III, 4.cm.) 
Describes the dichogamy of a number of plants, as 
a means of securing their cross-fertilization by insect 
agency. The abstract falsifies the text. W: 7. (2356) 
Bennett, Alfred W. Remarkable plants, 2. 
Some curious orchids. (Nature, 22 Feb. 
1877; V- 15, P- 357-359-) 
A review of C: Darwin’s “ The various contrivances 
by which orchids are fertilized by insects. 2d ed.” 
[Rec., 2379]. Treats of the general structure of the 
orchid flower, and the pollination of ¢coryanthes ma- 
crantha, catasetum saccatum, and mormodes tgnea by 
aid of insects. W: T. (2357) 
we 
[2351-2363] 249 
Berkeley, Miles J. Egg fungi. (Intellec- 
tual observer, July 1866, v. 9, no. 54, p. 
401-406. ) 
States (p. 402) that the sporiferous mass of the stink- 
horn (phallus tmpudicus) is a favorite food of flies. 
W: T. (2358) 
Bessey, C: Edwin. Sensitive stamens in 
portulaca. (Amer. nat., Aug. 1873, v. 7, 
Pp- 464-465. ) 
Shows how the irritability of the stamens in portulaca 
grandifiora and p. oleracea aids in cross fertilization. 
Records the visit of ‘*a small wild bee” to the former. 
W: T. (2359) 
Bonnier, Gaston. Les fleurs et les insectes. 
(Revue scientifique, 2 Apr. 1881, ser. 3, 
V. 27, Pp. 419-425.) 
A popular lecture delivered before the ‘* Association 
scientifique de France,’’ in which the author discusses 
the origin and uses of floral and extrafloral nectar, and 
concludes that it is merely water transpired through 
tissues charged with sugar, and is in nowise an adap. 
tation for securing the pollination of the flowers or the 
protection of the plant. W: T, (2360) 
Breitenbach. W: Die Bliitheneinrichtung 
von arum ternatum Thnbg. (Bot. Zeitung, 
24 Oct. 1879, v. 37, c. 687-692. ) 
Crit. rev., by H. Miiller, entitled ‘“‘Berich- 
tung der von W. Breitenbach gegebenen 
Erklirung der Bestéubungsvorrichtung von 
arum ternatum.” (Bot. Zeitung, 1g Dec. 
1879, V- 37, c. 838-839, 35 cm.) [Rec., 2450. ] 
Describes the floral arrangement for securing, as he 
believes, close fertilization by insect agency. 
W: T. (2361) 
British association for the advancement 
of science — [46th meeting| — Glasgow 
meeting, 1876—Section of biology. Pres- 
ident’s address. (Rept. British assoc. ad- 
vanc. sci., 1876, p. 100-119.) (Nature, 7 
Sep. 1876, v. 14, p. 403-412.) (WALLACE, 
A. R. Tropical nature, chap. 7, p. 249- 
303.) 
Rev., by H. Miiller, entitled ‘‘ Ueber die 
besonderen Beziehungen zwischen Pflanzen 
und Insecten, welche sich auf Inseln dar- 
bieten.” (Bot. Jahresbericht... Just, 1876, 
V. 4, P+ 941-942.) 
Address, by Alfred Russel Wallace, on by-paths in 
the domain of biology. Discusses, among other things, 
the peculiar relations of plants and insects as exhibited 
on islands; correlating the peculiarities of island floras 
with the character of the insect faunas of the same. 
W: T. (2362) 
Brittain, T: Another insectivorous plant. 
(Science gossip, Mar. 1877, p. 18.) 
States that the flowers of apocynum androsaemtfo- 
liurni capture flies: and evidently is not aware that the 
plant is not insectivorous, and that the capture of small 
insects in its flowers has been known for several genera- 
tions. Wet Te. (2363) 
