250 [2364-2573 
Cenby,. W: M. Darlingtonia caltfornica, 
an insectivorous plant. (Proc. Amer. assoc. 
advance. sci., 1874, v. 23, pt. 2, p. 64-72.) 
Shows the adaptation in the leaves of the Californian 
pitcher plant for the capture of flying insects, and re- 
cords the observations of J. G. Lemmon on the insects 
captured. W: ZT. (2364) 
Caruel, T.  Illustrazione di una rudiéacea 
del genere myrmecodia. (Nuovo giorn. 
bot. ital., July 1872, v. 4, p. 170-76.) 
The seedlings of this epiphyte die unless the stem is 
pierced by a particular species of ant, but in case this 
happens, the stem enlarges to form a gall-like excres- 
cence, in which the ants excavate galleries, and establish 
themselves, while the plant goes on to complete devel- 
opment. Similar relations with ants are indicated for 
species of hydnophytum and clerodendrox. 
W: T. (2365) 
Comes, Orazio. Studiisulla impollinazione 
in alcune piante con tavola litografata. Me- 
moria per laurea premiata dalla Facolta di 
scienzi naturali della R. universita di Na- 
poli. Napoli, 1874. t.-p. cover, 25 p., 23 
X16, t 16X 10. 
Describes the floral structure of about 20 species 
of plants, and notes the insects seen to visit their flow- 
ers. Notes the perforation of the corolla of salvia and 
tropacolum by xylocopa and apis. W: T. (2366) 
Criiger. H. A few notes on the fecundation 
of orchids, and their morphology. (Journ. 
Linn. soc., Bot., 3 Mar. 1864, v. 8, p. 127- 
135, pl. 9.) 
Describes the adaptations for fertilization in catase 
tum, coryanthes and stanhopea, which are visited by 
bees (bombus and exglossa?) for the purpose of gnawing 
their labella. Cockroaches [6/atta| are also said to be 
fond of the same part of the flowers. W: T. (2367) 
Darwin, Francis. Bees visiting flowers. 
(Nature, 8 Jan. 1874, v. 9, p. 189-190.) 
Shows that where flowers grow in masses so many 
bees are attracted that a strong competition arises in 
the gathering of nectar, in consequence of which the 
bees are led to perforate the flowers, that they may ob- 
tain their sweets with the least possible expenditure of 
time. Records observations of the sort on /athyrus 
sylvestris and phaseolus multifiorus, showing that the 
perforations in question are made at exactly the proper 
point to be of greatest service. W: T. (2368) 
Darwin, €: The effects of cross and self- 
fertilization in the vegetable kingdom. 
N. Y., D. Appleton and Co., 1877. 482 p., 
20X12, t 15X8.5. 
‘**Germ. tr., by V. Carus, entitled ‘Die 
Wirkungen der Kreuz- und Selbst-befruch- 
tung im Pflanzenreich.’ Stuttgart, E. 
Koch, 1877.” 
“Fr. tr., by E. Heckel. entitled ‘Des ef- 
fets de la fécondation croisée et de la fécon- 
dation directe dans le regne végétal. Ou- 
vrage traduit de l’anglais et annoté avec 
l’autorisation de l’auteur.’ Paris, 1877. 15 
+496 p.” 
Rev., by Hermann Miiller, entitled ‘‘Die 
Wirkungen der Kreuzung und Selbstbe- 
PST CRs. 
fruchtung im Pflanzenreiche.” (Bot. Jahres- 
bericht ... Just, 1876, v. 4, p. 936-938.) 
Rev., entitled, ‘‘The effects of cross and 
self-fertilization in the vegetable kingdom.” 
(Journ. of botany, Mar. 1877, v. 15, n.s., 
v. 6, p. 87-92.) 
Rev., by Asa Gray, entitled ‘* Notice of 
Darwin on the effects of cross- and self- 
fertilization in the vegetable kingdom.” 
(Amer. journ. sci. and arts, Feb. 1877, v. 
LU3, Si 035) V-013; Pede5-ia eS) 
Reyv., by Hermann Muller, entitled ‘‘Dar- 
win’s Werk: ‘Ueber die Wirkungen der 
Kreuzung und Selbstbefruchtung im Pflanz- 
enreich’ und seine Bedeutung ftir unser 
Verstiindniss der Blumenwelt.” (Kosmos, 
AMES 7 75 v= 15 Paes 7507s) 
Notice of Carus’ Germ. tr., under same 
title as tr. (Kosmos, Aug. 1877, v- 1, p- 
457, 9 cm.) 
The author details a very extensive series of experi- 
ments in fertilizing flowers with their own pollen and 
with that from other flowers either on the same or on 
different plants, showing that the offspring from 
crosses are more numerous and in every way better 
adapted to existence than those resulting from in and 
in breeding. Detailed observations on the habits of 
flower-visiting insects are given. W: T. (2369) 
Darwin, C: ‘Des effets de la fécondation 
croisée et de la fécondation directe dans le 
regne végétal. Ouvrage traduit de lan- 
glais et annoté avec l’autorisation de l’au- 
teur par Edouard Heckel. Paris, 1877. 15 
+496 p.” 
Fr. tr., by E. Heckel, of Darwin’s * The effects of 
cross and self fertilization in the vegetable kingdom” 
[ Rec., 2369]. W: T. (2370) 
Darwin, C: On the existence of two forms, 
and on their reciprocal sexual relation, in 
several species of the genus d7zzum. (Journ. 
Linn. soc., Bot., 5 Feb. 1863, v. 7, p- 69-83, 
1 fig.) 
Fr. tr. (Annales des sci. nat., Bot., 1863, 
ser. 4, V. 19, p- 229-247.) 
Describes the heterogony of the flowers, which are 
fertilized chiefly by small diptera. W: Te (2371) 
Darwin, C: Fertilization of the fumaria- 
ceae. (Nature, 16 Apr. 1874, v. 9, p- 460, 
g cm.) 
Records the behavior of insects about the flowers of 
certain fumariaceae, and discusses the change of color 
which the flowers of sme species undergo, and its 
bearing upon the subject of cross-fertilization. 
W: T. (2372) 
Darwin, C: On the two forms or dimorphic 
condition in the species of AJrémula, and 
on their remarkable sexual relations. 
(Journ. Linn. soc., Bot., 21 Nov. 1861, v. 
6, p- 77-96.) 
Fr. tr. (Annales des sci. nat., Bot., 1863, 
ser. 4, v. 19, p. 204-229.) 
States that the flowers are visited by humble-bees 
[bombus], thrips, etc. W: T. (2373) 
