298 
described, which are successively (after 
the pupal state is assumed) 1, 13, 18, 
24,36,48,and 58 hours. According to his 
account the second and third (original) 
ganglia at this period ‘‘approach and 
coalesce, and the double ganglion thus 
formed is only separated from the larger 
thoracic mass, composed of the fourth 
and fifth ganglia, and part of the sixth, 
by very short but much enlarged cords.” 
As the figures given by him do not in 
themselves show how this amalgamation 
of the second and third ganglia is 
effected, I examined the nervous cord of 
the present species, Hamadryas io, 48, 
51 and 55 hours after pupation, with the 
following results: The pupa of 48 
hour’s age differs from that of Aglais 
urticae only in the separation of the 
fourth ganglion from the united fifth and 
sixth ; very short and broad ribbons con- 
nected them, but they were unmistak- 
ably separated by half the width of the 
fourth ganglion; while the third and 
fourth ganglia were separated by about 
the diameter of the latter ganglion. At 
51 hours the condition was more as 
PSFCIE. 
represented by Newport at 48 hours in 
A. urticae, the fourth, fifth and sixth 
ganglia being completely amalgamated 
into a single long ovate mass, while the 
third, though clearly distinct from the 
mass behind it, was separated from it 
by only less than half its own diameter, 
very short, stout ribbons uniting the 
two; it was also of the same size as at 
48 hours, and the second ganglion, in- 
stead of travelling toward the third, as 
Newport asserts, retained very nearly 
or quite its own place, but was reduced 
in size, being gradually absorbed in 
place by the cord. This absorption was 
entirely effected at 55 hours, as also was 
the complete amalgamation of the third 
ganglion with the mass behind it. The 
second ganglion then is not amalgamated 
with the third, buf disappears in place— 
a point quite in keeping with the lessen- 
ing importance, but continued integrity, 
of the prothorax generally. 
Male generative organs. The testes 
form a globular mass 1.5 mm. in diam- 
eter. 
(Lo be continued on p. 307.) 
XYLOCOPA PERFORATING A COROLLA-TUBE. 
BY B: PICKMAN MANN, WASHINGTON, D.C. 
In October 1881 I noticed a Xylocopa 
perforating the corolla-tube of a salver- 
shaped flower, somewhat resembling that 
of a Petunia. The bee alighted on the 
five-lobed spreading top of the flower, 
which, as the flowers grew, was situated 
almost perpendicularly to the horizon, 
and immediately crawled over the edge, 
between the lobes, so as to reach the 
outside of the tube, which was somewhat 
fluted. Applying its sharp and wedge- 
shaped maxillae to the grooved surface 
of the tube, it split this open, three or 
four millimetres from the base, and con- 
tinued the split to the base, where the 
nectar was situated. It then sucked out 
the nectar quickly, and proceeded to 
another flower, upon which the opera- 
tion was repeated. 
