1918] Weiss and Nicolay—Closterocerus cinctipennis Ashm, 129 
the larvee of Phyllonoryter hamadryadella and P. ulmella, all of 
which are leaf miners. Its habits are therefore similar to those of 
other members of the genus and allied genera. During the sum- 
mer of 1918, it appeared to be more common in the Brachys eggs 
and the larvee of P. ulmella than in the other hosts and only on one 
occasion was it bred from the larva of Brachys ovata. It consti- 
tuted a serious pest in the eggs of Brachys sp., which we were trying 
to rear and was very common in the mines of P. ulmella. Adults 
of C. cinctipennis were most plentiful about the first week of July 
and the pupal stage required about two weeks. 
The eggs of Brachys ovata and B. aerosa are too small to support 
more than one parasitic larva but the mines of P. ulmella sometimes 
contained as many as six pupe and the size of the mine indicated 
that only one larva of P. ulmella had been present. All of the 
Brachys egg except the shell is consumed by the larva of C. cinct- 
pennis and pupation takes place within the shell. In the case of 
the larva of P. ulmella, everything is consumed except the outer 
skin and the alimentary canal and pupation takes place anywhere 
within the mine. The eggs of Brachys which are normally whitish 
and semitransparent before hatching become black when parasit- 
ized. The larve and pupe of C. cinctipennis appear to be very 
similar to those of other members of the family. 
Larva: Length 1.35 mm. Width 0.4 mm. Grublike, whitish, 
subcylindrical, glabrous, rounded anteriorly, pointed posteriorly, 
anal segment divided, segmentation indistinct, oral cavity on 
median ventral surface of head, mandibles almost invisible. 
Pupa: Length 1.4mm. Width0.5 mm. Naked, shining black. 
The pupa is anchored to the floor of the mine with its posterior end 
within the cast skin of the larva. Upon holding the leaf up to the 
light the pupa is seen to be surrounded by from five to eight dark 
spots arranged more or less symmetrically. These dots are the 
ends of excrement like supports or beams which run from the roof 
to the floor of the mine and which undoubtedly prevent the upper 
and lower leaf surfaces from caving in on the pupa and probably 
interfering with development. These supports are also present in 
the parasitized Brachys eggs. 
Adult: The following is Ashmead’s description of the male: 
“Length .04 inch. Head, pleura, sternum, metathorax and 
abdomen blue; collar, mesothorax and scutellum golden green 
