60 PALEOZOIC FISHES OF NORTH AMERICA. 
remains found in Ohio, and I suspect they represent a gigantic Placoderm 
as yet undescribed. 
: At Delaware, Ohio, Mr. Hertzer found in a bed of calcareous clay, lying 
immediately below the Huron shale, a number of small concretions, each of 
which has the jaw, plate, or tooth of a fish as its nucleus. The most com- 
plete of these I have described under the name of Callognathus regularts. In 
the black shale above he obtained a half dozen small ‘crushing teeth of ar 
otherwise unknown fish, which I have called Goniodus Hertzeri. 
In the Portage, Genesee, and Marcellus bituminous shales of western 
Pennsylvania and New York a number of fish remains have been found at 
different times, but no one has systematically worked this field, although 
much new material is sure to be some time obtained from it. 
In 1884 Mr. E. N. 8. Ringueberg described’ a dorsomedian plate of a 
fish to which he gave the name of Dinichthys minor; this name, as I have 
remarked elsewhere, was preoccupied, and I have renamed it D. Ringuebergi. 
This was obtained from the black shale of the Portage group, at Sturgeon 
Point, on the lake shore, twenty miles west of Buffalo. 
Prof. J. M. Clarke, in 1885, described® the mandible of a species of 
Dinichthys to which he has given the name of D. Newberryi; this was from 
the Genesee shale and from the Naples beds. From the same formation 
Professor Clarke also describes (1) under the name of Palconiscus Devonicus 
the scales and cranial plates of a Paleoniscoid fish; (2) a mass of minute 
quadrangular scales or dermal tubercles which he calls Acanthodes pristis ; 
and (3) a portion of a dorsal spine with a single row of large denticles, 
named by him Pristacanthus vetustus. More material will be required to 
verify Professor Clarke’s conclusion in regard to the generic relations of the 
last-mentioned fishes. No Acanthodians have been found elsewhere in a 
true marine sediment; those of England, Scotland, and Canada having all 
been obtained from what are apparently fresh-water deposits, and the sha- 
green of sharks, undistinguishable from the scales of Acanthodians, occurs 
in irregular masses in many formations. 
In the bone beds of the Corniferous limestone at Columbus, Ohio, and 
North Vernon, Indiana, detached rhomboidal, plain, or ornamented tuber- 
1 Am. Jour. Sci., 3d series, vol. 27, 1884, p. 476. 2U.S. Geol. Survey, Bull. No. 16. 
