120 PALEOZOIC FISHES OF NORTH AMERICA. 
This is a well-marked species, distinguished from all others known by 
its small size, compressed form, and highly ornamented surface. It most 
resembles Gyracanthus Alleni, N., of the Ohio Waverly, but is smaller and 
much more compressed. The only specimens known are ten spines in a 
bowlder seven by nine inches in dimensions found by Mr. Hess Cooper on 
Lamb’s Creek, near Mansfield, Tioga County, Pa. The color and texture 
of this rock and the teeth and scales of Holoptychius which it contains prove 
that it came from the Catskill group. ; 
For the opportunity of examining and describing these spines | am 
indebted to Mr. Andrew Sherwood, of Mansfield, Pa., the discoverer of so 
many remains of fishes in the Catskill and Chemung rocks, and the author 
of the Geological Report of Tioga County, published by the Second Geo- 
logical Survey of Pennsylvania. As a slight token of recognition of the 
important services he has rendered to geology I dedicate the species to him. 
Srection C.—FIsHES oF THE WAVERLY GROUP. 
The Waverly group was so named by the first geological corps of Ohio, 
from a locality in the southern part of the State, where it is well exposed, 
and early became famous for the excellence of the building stone it furnished. 
Later studies of the group have shown that it consists of a number of 
elements which are locally quite distinct, but are not of great geographical 
extent. Where best seen, as in northeastern Ohio, it isabout 500 feet thick, 
and fills the interval between the Erie shale (Chemung) below and the Car- 
boniferous conglomerate above. It consists of several strata, as follows: 
Average thickness. 
Ub One ROE EIA Bon cascsacecocconea cascoo ssose sores choca asSsce 230 feet. 
2) Berea shale: ssa ssceeesteen- see Saas So ae ion So ena eee aaamee serene 20 do 
Sh THOSE rer eoqecosqndse aaesees Cro Sac Sen SE DRESS Saas Era aceesoades 60 do 
4 Bedford shales. 3a so sce coco aicet eo eae see ales Se cee ears 75 do 
5. Cleveland shale: 2. .a-cann=s-- eee easacecesl enoccejeeteses= eee 50 do 
In Pennsylvania the Waverly is represented by the Umbral shales and 
Vespertine sandstones of Rogers. In Kentucky the Waverly rocks are the 
‘“‘Subcarboniferous sandstones and shales” of Dr. D. D. Owen, and they 
are also locally known as the Knob stones, because they compose a series of 
knobs or hills bordering the Ohio valley. Here they become more calcare- 
