30 
gradually burst through the cortical layer of the thallus. 
The pycnidia have the outward aspect of spermogonia ; they 
are immersed, become pale and sub-gelatinous under moisture, 
vary in size and shape, are sometimes confluent and some- 
times have a depressed surface ; their cavity is simple, and their 
walls of brown cellular tissue. The stylospores are ellipsoid, 
resembling in form and size those of Lecidea abietina ; about 
00033” long and :00014” broad, borne on short, simple 
basidia. Neither the apothecia nor pycnidia of the parasite 
can be confounded with the apothecia or spermogonia of the 
Cladonia. .The spermogonia of Cl. bellidiflora are figured and 
described in my ‘ Mem. Spermog.’ (pl. vii, figs. 1—3 & 5—10, 
p- 162). The parasite now described may be the Lecidea 
Cladoniaria' of Nylander (‘ Enum. génér.,’ Supplém., p. 339). 
The structure of the latter has not yet, however, been satis- 
factorily ascertained or described, e.g. the colour and character 
of its sporidia; while the pycnidia of the Kelly’s Green 
parasite differ greatly from the spermogonia of L. Cladoniaria. 
3. On Cetraria Islandica, L. 
(a) Braemar, collected by Admiral Jones in June, 1858: 
form platyna: thallus sterile. ‘The apothecia of the parasite 
are scattered over the thallus: they are black, convex, 
becoming sub-spherical: superficial, their base only being 
immersed or sunk in a hollow of the thallus; regular in form 
and smooth on the surface, having a general resemblance to 
the apothecia of Abrothallus microspermus ;? surrounded some- 
times by a slight, irregular, darker brown thalline ring, 
varying in size. Paraphyses indistinct, obscured by much 
brown colouring matter, especially at their tips; asci blue 
with iodine, ‘00133’ long, ‘0008’ broad. Sporidia not dis- 
tinctly seen, but apparently simple, ellipsoid and very small, 
00025” long and -000083” broad. 
If the reaction with iodine is to be accepted as a sufficient 
criterion, this parasite is to be considered a Lichen, a conclu- 
sion to which the form and structure of the apothecia and the 
character of the paraphyses also point. It has certain 
characters in common with Biatora Heerti, Hepp (=Scutula 
Wallrothii, Tul.—var. Wallrothii of Lecidea anomala, Fr. 
according to Nylander’s ‘Scand ,’ p. 703), which grows on 
Peltigera canina and rufescens. ‘The sporidia of the Biatora 
are, however, sometimes 2-locular,’ though also simple. The 
1 Which appears to have certain points of resemblance to L. oxyspora, Tul. 
2 Vide author’s “ Monograph of Abrothallus,” ‘Quart. Journal of Micro- 
scopical Science,’ January, 1857. 
3 Korber (‘ Parerga,’ p. 454) describes its sporidia as only 2 locular, and 
its apothecia as brownish-red, passing into black, 
