38 
Scattered over the thallus are numerous black point-like 
bodies, quite superficial, and easily detachable—not at all 
immersed in the thalline warts. ‘There is no normal repro- 
ductive structure, so that their true character cannot be de- 
termined. Probably, however, they are referable to some 
Fungus. 
(f ) In certain other Scotch specimens of the type, I have 
met with corpuscles of a more anomalous kind than any of 
those above mentioned, viz. bodies apparently of the cha- 
racter of stylospores ;| regarding which, however, there is no 
evidence as to their origin, whether contained in asci or 
produced from basidia. They are oblong or ellipsoid, rounded 
at the ends, brown, frequently finely granular, often also 
containing two largish sub-polar nuclei, or three or more 
nuclei more central in their position. 
(g) On old bark, Carrigaloe, near Cork, collected by Car- 
roll. On the same piece of bark, and associated with the 
Lecanora, but not parasitic on it, and perhaps having no 
necessary connection with it, occur certain black, very 
minute conceptacles, containing spermatia that are sphe- 
rical (atomic), in myriads, about 000033” in diameter, borne 
on short, simple sterigmata.? These spermogonia are unasso- 
ciated with other perithecia or apothecia than those of L. sub- 
fusca ; so that is impossible to assign to them a _ proper 
position amongst either Fungi or Lichens. 
Also parasitic on ZL. subfusca are the following Fungo- 
lichens or lichens: 
1. Pharcidia congesta, Korb. (Parerga, p.470 L. sub- 
fusca, var. Pharcidia, Ach.) on the disk of L. subfusca and 
intumescens.®> Sporidia 8, clavate, 2—4-locular, hyaline. 
2. Arthonia varians, Day. (Nyl. Scand., p. 260): apo- 
thecia flat or sub-convex; sporidia ovoid, 3—4-locular ; 
hymenial gelatine wine-red with iodine. 
3. Lecidea parasitica, Fk. 
The foregoing illustrations suffice to show that this single 
cosmopolite species—L. subfusca—with its varieties or forms, 
is the seat of a considerable number and variety of parasites 
—partly Fungi, partly Fungo-lichens, and partly Lichens. 
These parasites include generally the following : 
1. Certain true Fungi—sporiferous or sporidiferous—e. g., 
Spheria epicymatia and Torula lichenicola. 
1 Vide “ Observations on W. Greenland Lichens,” p. 366, plate 1, fig. 20. 
? [bid., p. 366, plate |, fig. 21. 
* Vide foot-note on previous page, 
