1.2 
spermatia are very short and rod-shaped, borne on sterigmata 
that are short, simple, or branching (bifurcating) at base, 
and indistinct. 
(b) Var. conglomerata, Sch., on granitic rocks, Mount 
Susten, in Scherer’s Exs., No. 577.1 The thallus, which 
consists of pulviniform scales or areole, sterile and frequently 
sorediferous, is sparingly studded over with the minute, black, 
punctiform, sub-sessile, prominent perithecia of a parasite 
having the characters of Endococcus erraticus, Mass. It con- 
tains myriad-spored asci*0020” long and ‘G0083” broad. There 
are no distinct paraphyses. The sporidia are :00016” to 
00020” long, 00014” broad, oval, 2-locular, and deep brown 
in maturity, colourless or pale in the young state (within 
the asci.) 
(c) Var. alpicola, Sch., on granite (associated with 
Lecanora polytropa, Sch., var. alpigena, Sch.), on the higher 
Alps, in Scherer’s Exs., No. 322. The parasite is similar 
externally to that which occurs in (4), microscopic, black, 
and round, here immersed; and it has similar very small 
sporidia. But my notes do not record whether the asci 
were 8- or poly-spored, so that it is impossible to deter- 
mine whether it is referable to E. erraticus® or Verrucaria 
gemmifera. I have not met with the spermogonia of alpicola, 
but Nylander describes its spermatia as short, straight, and 
cylindrical, like those of geographica. It is impossible, there- 
fore, on microscopical examination, to confound the spermo- 
gonia of either geographica or its var. alpicola with the para- 
sites above described, which externally so closely resemble 
them. 
12. On Peltigera aphthosa, Hffm. 
Fallsof the Garrawalt, Braemar ; collected by myself in Aug., 
1856. The thallus isthe seat of a Cladosporium, which, if it is en- 
titled to specific distinction, may be fitly denominated C. lichen- 
icolum. Mr. M.C. Cooke,to whom it was submitted, describes’ 
it as “ imperfect,’ and as ‘‘ common on everything vegetable,’ 
though I do not quite understand whether this expression 
refers to the genus only, or to the particular species or form in 
question. ‘The only structure visible under power 380 of 
Nachet’s microscope consists of brown articulated tubuli—the . 
constituent cells of which are oblong, and either empty or 
contain atomic granules in roelike masses—with difficulty 
visible.* 
1 Vide ‘“‘Observations on W. Greenland Lichens,” p. 367, plate lii, fig. 7. 
2 Ibid., p. 367, plate li, fig. 11. 
® Ibid., p. 365, plate xlvin, fig, 28, 
