874 E. RAY LANKESTER. 



of water against the oral surface, and consequently occasional 

 food-particles. The rounded masses seen in figs. 1 and 2 

 are of an intense blood-red colour, probably due to foreign 

 food-matters. I did not make out, in the few specimens 

 which came under my notice, nucleus or vacuoles ; it is very 

 possible that more ample opportunity of observation would 

 have enabled me to do so. 



There is no Infusorian described which exhibits the 

 replacement of cilia by a vibrating collar. In this journal, 

 in October, 1871, I described a curious minute parasite from 

 the blood of the frog ( Undulina) , which seemed to be a 

 raouthless parasitic Infusorian, comparable to Opalina (O. 

 naidos), but having, in place of cilia, an undulating mem- 

 brane in the form of a crest. I have since learned from 

 Professor Leuckart's report that it has been long known, 

 being the Trypatiosoma sanguinis of Gruby. Torquatella is 

 much more nearly allied to the normal Infusoria Ciliata than 

 is the minute, possibly immature Trypanosoma of the frog. It 

 is not parasitic, and has mouth and cephalic prominence, in the 

 former of which characters it definitely indicates its affinities 

 with the one group of unicellular organisms which is mouth- 

 bearing — namely, the Ciliata — whilst in the latter it presents' 

 a special point of agreement with particular genera of Ciliata. 

 If the possession of a mouth were taken as the family mark 

 of the highest branch of the Homoblastica or Protozoa, we 

 might class, under such a group of Stomatoda, the Ciliata 

 (including some forms become astomatous by parasitism), the 

 Calycata (represented by Torquatella), and the Flagellata 

 (containing Noctiluca and Peridinium, and excluding forms 

 referable to the Algse). 



On the Heart of Appendicularia furcata and the 

 Development of its Muscular Fibres. By E. Ray 

 Lankester, M.A., Fellow and Lecturer of Exeter College, 

 Oxford. (With Plate XII, figs. 6—8.) 



Appendictdaria (Fritillaria) furcata of Gegenbaur occurs 

 not uncommonly in the spring on the surface of the Bay of 

 Naples. The drawings and observations which I made two 

 years since relating to this species have, to a large extent, 

 been anticipated by the very valuable work of M. Hermann 

 Fol, who has described and figured in a lavish manner several 



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