34 WILLIAM ARCHER. 
ascus, greenish, uniseptate, oblong, the septum appearing like 
a pale and hyaline slender transverse band, and somewhat 
constricted at the middle opposite the septum: the halves 
appear ovate, somewhat tapering to the bluntly rounded 
ends, each cavity showing a bright corpuscle immersed in 
it; length =3;,, breadth .,4,” (fig. 26). 
In all these forms I searched as well as I could for so-called 
spermogonia, but was unable to detect any. ‘These are com- 
paratively so readily perceived in Ephebe (1 myself found 
them before I was aware of Bornet’s published account of 
them, or of the apothecia in that plant) that my non-success 
was the more disappointing. 
Nor, after many trials by boiling in caustic potash, was I 
able to satisfy myself of the presence of hyphe, as can be so 
readily done in Hphebe, as first pointed out by Schwendener ; 
there can, however, be little reasonable doubt but that they 
must exist, though the seeming nascent apothecia in the 
second form of Scytonema referred to gave no indication of 
their presence; but that in itself would prove nothing, as 
the hypha cannot be seen in Hphebe without boiling in potash. 
Most probably my experiments were not conducted sufhi- 
ciently long or carefully, for Bornet has shown the existence 
of the hyphe in his Spilonema paradoxum,' and in his 
Lichenospheria Lenormandi.* 
Does it not appear somewhat inappropriate when Bornet, 
in describing his Lichenospheria Lenormandi, makes use of 
the following language in the generic character :—‘ ‘Thallus 
tenellus, ramosus, fruticulosus, fere omnino stigonematoideus, 
basi corticatus;” and as descriptive of the specific characters 
—‘‘'Thallus fusco-niger, tomentoso-intricatus (altitudo vix 
2 millim.), ramulis divaricatis subsecundis” ? For, in 
fact, these words simply describe the characters of Siro- 
siphon divaricatus, WKiitz., which alga forms the host- 
plant for the peculiar lichenal parasite in question. But 
when he goes on to describe the apothecia, the thece, the 
spermogonia, the spores, he is giving the characters of the 
latter, which is the real ‘‘ new species.” In accordance with 
the new theory, besides the hyphe, this has no thallus, 
the hyphe merely push into the thallus of the Sirosiphon, 
scarcely distorting it or causing any outward alteration, be- 
yond the occasionally exerted apothecia. If it were possible 
—and there is seemingly no great reason to the contrary— 
1 Dr. E. Bornet : “ Description de Trois Lichens Nouveaux,” * Mémoires 
de la Soe. Imp. de Cherbourg,’ vol. iv, p. 225, t. i, il. 
2 Dr. E. Bornet : “ Recherches sur les Gonidies des Lichens,” in ‘ Ann. 
des Sci. Naturelles,’ 5 sér., tome xvii (of reprint, p. 57). 
