150 A. W. BENNETT. 
portions finally become rounded off, but remain in most cases 
united in a row or tetrahedral heap, less often lying detached 
within the mother-cell. It is most probable that when 
mature the ascospores escape of their own accord from the 
mother-cell, but the mode in which the exit is made is not 
accurately known. Sometimes they are found attached to 
one another at the apex of the empty mother-cell ; at other 
times projecting from a wide lateral slit, and when floating 
free in the fluid are either isolated or still united (fig. 4, g, 
h, i, k,l). The empty mother-cells are even occasionally 
found still united into short filaments (fig. 4,m). The further 
development of the ascospores in Mycoderma Cienkowski 
was unable to trace ; Trécul’s assertion! that hyphz proceed 
from them is however very probable. 
We now pass to the second constituent of the pellicle, the 
Chalara Mycoderma. 
The Chalara frequently makes its appearance in the form 
of small spherical cells indistinguishable from those of 
Mycoderma and intermixed with them, and bearing at their 
two extremities pear-shaped papille (fig. 7), or not un- 
es /, 
frequently emitting long branched filaments like those of 
Mycoderma. In the latter case septa are formed, as well 
as new branches from lateral outgrowths, the filaments 
finally breaking up into loosely connected zig-zag rows, 
small cells being even formed at the extremities, so as to com- 
plete the resemblance to the flaments of Mycoderma. The 
essential distinction between the two consists in this; that in 
Chalara a number of conidia become detached in succession 
at one and the same spot, while this never occurs in Myco- 
derma, in which, if several cells are produced at the extremity 
of a parent-cell, their origin is not the same, one being apical 
and the second lateral, the succeeding ones springing from 
the base of the earlier ones. It was the neglect to observe this 
1“ Observations sur la levure de Biére, &.,” ‘Ann. des Sci. Nat.,’ 5th 
series, 1869, vol. x, p. 13. 
