MODERN RESEARCHES INTO THE NATURE OF YEAST, 151 
distinction that caused Hoffmann! to make the erroneous 
assertion that the yeast develops into a fructifying my- 
celium. 
The mode of formation of the conidia is a point of great 
importance in the development of Cha/ara. ‘This can best be 
followed out in small pieces of the mycelium consisting of but 
a few cells. The cell puts out a pointed lateral papilla (sterigma) 
(fig. 8, s) below the septum, the extremity of which gradually 
swells up and becomes separated as a conidium. This is then 
pushed aside, and a new conidium produced from the papilla, 
this again making room for a subsequent one, and so on. In 
this manner six conidia were separated from a single papilla 
in the course of two days, the process taking place simul- 
taneously at both ends of the cell; and the aggregations of 
conidia characteristic of Chalara being thus formed. The 
development generally advances from the base of the filament 
Hies.S: Fic. 9. 
acropetally. The contents of the conidia are usually denser 
than those of the parent-cells; their diameter is about 0:004 
mm. ‘The cells of the mycelium-filaments are slender and of 
smaller diameter than those of the two other yeast-fungi, 
and usually branch dichotomously. The branches are pro- 
duced in acropetal succession as lateral outgrowths from the 
cells, but occasionally from their centre. Their contents vary 
according to the conditions of growth; as in Mycoderma, they 
contain a number of vacuoles, and often masses of protoplasmic 
granules collected into transverse bands. 
The Chalara mycelium is pre-eminently distinguished by 
1 Berkeley, Introd. Crypt. Bot. p. 242. 
