176 NOTES AND MEMORANDA. 
shortly afterwards transferred to a similar post in Greifs- 
wald. In his youth, zoology was his favorite study, and 
music his favorite amusement; he attained also considerable 
proficiency in drawing, which was afterwards of great use 
to him. His medical studies were chiefly carried on in 
Greifswald, but for one winter he was a pupil of Johann 
Miiller and Briicke, in Berlin. As a student, and in the 
early part of his career as an investigator, he devoted special 
attention to animal chemistry, and several of his earlier 
memoirs relate to this subject. In 1849 he obtained his 
medical degree, taking as the subject of his thesis (which 
received a prize) De arteriarum notione, structurd, constitu- 
tione chemicd, et vité ; and was shortly afterwards appointed 
Demonstrator of Anatomy and Privat-docent. Even while 
thus engaged, zoology occupied the first place in his interest, 
and especially the marine fauna of the northern seas. His 
first important memoir on these subjects was that on the 
‘Turbellarie,’ published in 1851, with seven plates, and 
this, with his other published papers, secured for him a grant 
from the University of Berlin of the Blumenbach Travelling 
Exhibition, something corresponding, as we must suppose, 
to our Travelling Fellowships. To this period also belongs 
his important discovery of chlorophyll in animal organisms. 
The valuable opportunity afforded by his travelling pension 
was employed by Schultze in studying marine zoology on 
the coast of Italy, where both the Adriatic and Mediterra- 
nean seas supplied him with abundant material. It was 
here that he made the researches which were published in 
1854 in the classical monograph ‘On the organisation of 
Polythalamia, with remarks on Rhizopoda in general ;” a 
memoir which was not only important in its zoological 
aspect, but as afterwards forming the basis of Schultze’s 
reform of the cell-theory. 
In the same year he was made Extraordinary Professor 
at Halle,and married his first wife, who was hiscousin. During 
the five years of his stay in Halle, he produced a remarkable 
number of important papers, among which must be mentioned 
his first great memoir on the electrical organs of fishes, and 
two papers on the termination of nerve-fibres in the organs of 
sense ; both subjects which he afterwards made especially 
his own. We may also enumerate, as better known in this 
country, two zoological papers “On the development of 
arenicola piscatorum,” and “Qn the natural history of the 
terrestrial planari,”’ both of which were translated in the 
annals of natural history, and finally one on “ Internal 
