NEMATODE HAMATOZOA IN THE DOG, 269 
2. Minute nodules in the substance of the walls of the 
thoracic aorta, from the size of duck shot to that of 
split peas. They can be felt as tubercles, and usually 
project somewhat on the outer surface of the vessel ; 
a depression or slight extravasation of blood, corre- 
sponding to the nodule, being visible on the inner sur- 
face of the aorta, and frequently a slight abrasion of 
the lining membrane. 
3. A pitted or sacculated appearance of various portions of 
the interior of the thoracic aorta with thinning of its 
walls at some parts; the lining membrane roughened 
at the spots affected; the roughening, however, is not 
of an atheromatous character, but due to the mem- 
brane being thrown into delicate rugz, as if from con- 
traction of the middle and outer coat. 
4. Enlargement and softening of some glandular body 
adjoining the vessels at the base of the heart. 
Within the above four headings is comprehended every- 
thing abnormal that I have been able to detect, which seemed 
to imply any connection with the state of the blood under 
consideration. 
(1) As regards the first point referred to, the tumours mani- 
fest a somewhat firm, fibrous texture, and when cut into are 
found to contain one to six or more mature nematode worms 
of a pinkish, sanguinolent tint, and varying in size from one 
inch to three and a half inches in length. These on closer 
examination prove to be the male and female of the same 
parasite: the male worm being from one to two inches long, 
and —.th to =/,th of an inch in diameter at the widest part; 
and the female from two to three and a half inches long with 
a transverse measurement of from =!;th to 4th of an inch. 
(Plate XIII, figs. 4, 5.) 
These parasites correspond more closely to the Filaria 
sanguinolenta (Rudolphi), especially to the description of 
this species given by Schneider, than to any other nematode 
with which I am acquainted, although in some respects they 
differ from the descriptions given of any. 
It is, however, with regard to the parts of the body in which 
these parasites are found that the most marked discrepancy 
exists, for all writers, as far as I am aware, with the excep- 
tion of Czernay,! appear to speak of them as confined to the 
walls of the stomach of the dog or wolf. This writer, how- 
ever, has drawn attention to the fact that they may also be 
found in the walls of the esophagus. Notwithstanding the 
somewhat extended reference to the works of systematic 
) * Bulletin de la Soc, Imp. des Naturalistes de Moscow,’ tome xxxviii, 
