820 QUARTERLY CHRONICLE OF MICROSCOPICAL SCIENCE. 
conjugates. At each point of conjugation a sporocarp is 
developed. 
Amongst the Ceramiee it may be observed that there is 
something comparable to this double process. 
The fertilizing influence which is conveyed by anthero- 
zoids to the trichogyne have afterwards to be communicated 
by a process of diffusion from the trichophore to the cell from 
which the spores are developed. 
Cuaracem.— Certainly, however, the most ingenious inter- 
pretation which Sachs has proposed is that by which Chara 
is assigned a position amongst the Carposporee. Translating 
his words (‘ Lehrbuch,’ 4th ed., p. 242) :— The sporocarp of 
Chara, which has hitherto stood in an entirely isolated posi- 
tion, becomes intelligible when we compare it on the one side 
with Coleochetez, on the other with the Flor:dee. The carpo- 
Fic. 13.—Diagrammatic representation of the carpogonium in Chara and Le- 
jolisia. (a) Chara (the pericarp developed before fertilization), the basal 
cells (trichophore) of the carpogonium are shown ; (m) motile antherozoid 
(after Sachs) ; (4) Lejolisia (pericarp not developed) ; the trichophore and 
undeveloped trichogyne shown on left-hand side; (m) passively motile 
antherozoids (after Bornet). 
gonium consists of a large cell supported by several smaller 
basal ones, which take no part in the growth resulting from 
fertilization. They play, therefore, the part of a trichophore 
although there is no trichogyne, and fertilization is effected 
by motile antherozoids which blend directly with the carpo- 
gonium.” A one-spored sporocarp is the result ; the pericarp ~ 
is formed before fertilization. 
Chara is, therefore, in its reproductive aspects a reduced type 
of Carposporee, The trichophore is rudimentary, and the 
carpogonium unicellular instead of multicellular. These 
simplifications of the arrangements, which in other allied 
Carposporee precede fertilization, are balanced by the pre- 
vious instead of subsequent development of the pericarp. 
