$22 QUARTERLY CHRONICLE OF MICROSCOPICAL SCIENCE. 
group. Hisobservations in 1863 (on Peziza confluens) were 
further confirmed and extended by himself and Tulasne in 
1866, and more recently by Janczewski in Ascobolus (fig. 14).1 
The carpogonium is no longer unicellular, but consists of a row 
of numerous cells, which is fertilized by the ramified antheri- 
dium. As a result of this process numerous filaments branch 
out from the middle cell of the carpogonium, which in their 
Fic. 14.—Diagrammatic representation of the development of the sporocarp 
in. Ascobolus. 'The-ramified antheridium is shown applied to the end of 
the multicellular carpogonium, from the middle cell of which the asciferous 
filaments are developed. The external outline indicates the boundary of 
the subsequently formed “pericarp.” (After Janczewski.) 
turn develop the asci. The pericarp, which forms a solid 
pseudo-parenchymatous investment, is formed of consolidated 
filamentous branches of the mycelium below the carpogonium. 
The mycelium itself, from which these comparatively large 
sporocarps are developed, is relatively inconspicuous. The 
sporocarp constitutes, in point of fact,a second and distinctly 
marked independent generation. 
Tuberacee.—This group is characterized by the sporocarp 
not being aerial, as in the former groups, but subterranean. 
The well-known Penicillium glaucum, of which the conidi- 
ferous form is so common, has been found by the beautiful 
investigations of Brefeld,’ to produce a sporocarp which is 
analogous to Tuber in its structure. Such a relationship is 
probably the very last that could have been, @ prvore, 
suggested for it. , 
Pyrenomycetes.—In this group the asci are contained in a 
bottle-shaped perithecium. The perithecia may either occur 
singly as in Sphazria, or aggregated as in Claviceps, in a so- 
called stroma. In the former case the researches of Woronin 
prove that each perithecium is the result of a process of 
fertilization.2 In the latter case it is as yet doubtful what 
1 «Bot. Zeit.,’ 1871. 
2 ¢ Bot. Untersuch. u. Schimmelpilze,’ heft ii, 1874. 
3 De Bary and Woronin, ‘ Beitr. z. Morph.u. Phys. der Pilze,’ Erst. Bd., 
dritte Reihe, 1870. 
