OBSERVATIONS ON STRUCTURE OF CELLS AND NUCLEI. 159 



fundus contrast with the pale membrane of the pyloric region. 

 I have examined carefully this intermediary zone of Ebstein and 

 the parts next to it in the stomach of dog, and I must more than 

 ever maintain my original assertion, viz. that in these parts the 

 two kinds of glands merge into one another. 



When approaching the pyloric region, we find the peptic 

 glands considerably altering their appearance. {a) The 

 so-called stomach pits or ducts, lined by the same slender col- 

 umnar epithelium as the free surface, become considerably 

 longer; while their length in the peptic glands of the fundus 

 in most cases amounts to about O'l mm., and only rarely 

 exceeds 0'15 mm., we find them near the regio pyloria as long 

 as 0*28 mm. The longest ducts of the mucous glands of the 

 pyloric region when measured in a section cut exactly vertically 

 do not amount to more than 0'3 to 0'35 mm. So that we have 

 the ducts gradually increasing from a length of about 0*1 mm. 

 in the fundus to 0*2 8 mm. near the pyloric region, and to 0"3 

 and 0"35 mm. in the pjloric region itself. 



{b) In proportion as the ducts increase in length the rest of 

 the gland tube decreases. 



[c] Whereas in the fundus the peptic gland tubes, except the 

 deepest section which is more or less curved and bent, are little 

 deviating from what can be fairly described as a straight course 

 vertical to the surface, we find them near the pyloric region very 

 greatly bent, and what I must specially accentuate, often branched 

 into two or three tubes ; this is the case not merely in the deepest 

 portion, — for a branched condition of this is occasionally met 

 with also in the fundus, — but as in the pyloric glands at any 

 point of the gland tube. 



[d) In looking through specimens made from parts near the 

 intermediary zone, we find the greater majority of the gland tubes 

 of the same breadth, including the same small lumen, and pre- 

 senting the same distinction into chief cells and parietal cells, 

 and also the same distribution of these, as in the gland tubes of 

 the fundus. But we find amongst these several instances where 

 the gland tubes approach those of the pyloric region, being 

 much broader and containing a much larger lumen, presenting, 

 however, still a distinction into chief cells and parietal cells, with 

 the difference that these latter are considerably scarcer than in 

 the other peptic glands.^ This change in the size of the tube 

 and its lumen is to be noticed first in the deepest parts of the 

 glands, and I have several instances before me where the breadth 

 of the tube and its lumen are not a shade smaller than in those 

 of the pyloric glands. As is well known, the comparatively 



1 Bentkowski (1, c.) arrived at a similar conclusion in the examination of 

 the stomach of dog and pig. 



