346 E. T. NEWTON. 



the antennae, which lie within the head just below the base 

 of the antennae. 



(3.) Upon each side of the brain, a little behind the an- 

 tennary nerve, a third very small nerve may be found (fig. 



2 n\ the distribution of which I have not yet traced. 



(4.) The stomato-gastric ganglia join the brain at its 

 back part (fig. 4 a. stg.). 



From the lower and back part of the brain on each side, 

 the large pair of commissures (fig. 2 o. com.) pass downwards 

 and backwards to the infra-oesophageal ganglia {inf. g.). 

 From the front of each commissure a broad band of fibres 

 arises, which passes forwards for a short distance upon the 

 sides of the oesophagus, and then divides into two branches; 

 one of these curves forwards and upwards to meet with its 

 felloM' of the opposite side in the frontal ganglion (fig. 9> 

 f g.). The second branch appears hitherto to have escaped 

 notice, it passes forwards and downwards (fig. 2 In.), and 

 the two may be traced into the labrum, as far as the round 

 Avhite spots, which are situated, one on each side, upon the 

 inner surface of that appendage. 



The infra-oesophageal ganglia are situated quite close to 

 the back part of the head, being only separated from the 

 submentum by a thin band of muscles. The nerves arising 

 from these ganglia are shown in figures 2 and 3. The 

 majority of them were most easily traced when approached 

 from the back. For this purpose, the head was fixed in 

 wax with the front surface downwards, the submentum re- 

 moved, and then the parts below gradually displayed. Fig. 



3 is the result of careful dissections of numerous individuals. 

 If the commissures passing into the head from the body 

 ganglia be traced forM'ards, it will be found that, just within 

 the foramen magnum, where they join the infra-oesophageal 

 ganglia, a minute nerve is given off on each side (figs. 2 

 and 3 nf.), which appears to be distributed to the muscles 

 in the immediate vicinity of the foramen. In one instance 

 there seemed to be two or three of these minute fibres. 

 With the exception of the nerves just mentioned, no fibres 

 were to be found passing off from the hinder surface of 

 these ganglia; at the lowermost angles the pair of nerves 

 (Im.) pass off, one to each side of the labium ; each of these 

 nerves at length divides into two, sending a branch into 

 the inner and outer divisions of the labium. Immediately 

 in front of each labial nerve, or perhaps arising from it, there 

 is another very minute one, which passes outwards and is lost 

 in the surrounding muscles. A little further forwards, on 

 each side, a nerve is given off to the maxilla {mx.). From 



