352 E. T. NEWTON. 



of these consists of a calix (figs. 15, 16 ocx., icx.)^ and a cap- 

 like covering of small cells. Each calix is, perhaps, best 

 described as having the form of a trough, the sides of which 

 are deepest in the middle and much shallower towards the 

 ends, more especially towards the front. The inner calix 

 is rather larger than the outer one, and the two are closely 

 applied to each other and covered by the mass of cells, 

 which forms one cap over the pair of calices. The appear- 

 ance presented by these bodies in frontal sections may be 

 seen in figs. 5 to 10, but the general form will be best under- 

 stood by reference to figs. 15 to IT, which represent those 

 parts in the model already mentioned. The pedimcles are 

 connected with the calices a little behind their middle 

 region, and where this takes place the calices have their 

 greatest depth. 



When stained with osmic acid the calices become very 

 dark and ordinarily appear in sections to be composed of small 

 dark bodies, which, at first, might be mistaken for cells. 

 Their inner surfaces, more especially near the peduncles 

 (fig. 8), are covered with fine fibres, which run in the direc- 

 tion of the peduncles. The small cells which fill the calices 

 extend just over their margins both before and behind, as 

 well as at the sides. They are stained a bright yellow 

 by osmic acid, and are regarded by both Dietl and Flogel as 

 being cells in which the protoplasm is so reduced that the 

 nuclei only are visible. However this may be, they certainly 

 seem to me to be of quite a diflferent nature from the cortical 

 ganglionic cells, from which they always seem to be sharply 

 separated. The ganglionic cells, wherever they are clearly 

 shown, are seen to possess not only a nucleus, but also a very 

 definite nucleolus, whilst in the calicular cells I have failed 

 to find any nucleolus, even in those larger ones which occupy 

 the base or deepest part of each calix. Very fine dark fibres 

 are seen branching out and penetrating in between these 

 cells, enclosing them, apparently, in a complete network. 

 Passing inwards these fibres collect into larger branches, 

 and these meeting at the walls of the calia^, form a kind of 

 festoons (fig. 6). In the neighbourhood of the pedtmcles 

 these branches may be seen passing into the fibres of the 

 inner walls which run down into the pedimcles (figs. 8 and 

 12). Whether these fibres are wholly composed of nervous 

 matter, or are to some extent accompanied by connective 

 tissue, it is not easy to say. 



When extremely thin sections are examined with a high 

 power, the ultimate structure of the calicular walls still 

 It mains obscure; but with care one can see that the fibres 



