'S2 MANUAL OF THE MOLLUSCA. 



Spain and Portugal. 



The coast of Spaiu and Portugal is less known than any other part of the 

 province, but the facilities for exploration are in some respects greater than 

 in the ^Mediterranean, on account of the tides. Shell-fish are more in demand 

 as an article of food here than with us, and the Lisbon market aflPorded to 

 Mr. ^I 'Andrew the first indication that the genus Cymha ranged so far north. 



On the coasts of the Asturias and Gallicia, especially in Vigo Bay, Mr. 

 M'Andrew obtained, by dredging, 212 species, of a somewhat northern cha- 

 racter, 50 per cent, of them being common to Norway, and 86 per cent, 

 common to the south of Spain. j 



On the southern coast of the Peninsula 353 species were obtained, of \ 

 which only 28 per cent, are common to Norway and 51 per cent, to Britain. \ 



The identical species are chiefly amongst the shells dredged from a con- j 

 siderable depth (35 — 50 fathoms) ; the litoral species have a much more i 

 distinct aspect. '• 



The shells of the coast of ]Mogador are generally identical with those of \ 

 the Mediterranean and Southern Peninsula. 



Cananj Islands. The shells of the Canaries collected by MM. Webb ; 

 and Berthelot,* and described by ]M. D'Orbigny, amount to 124, to which 

 Mr. 3I'Andrew has added above 170. Of the 300 species 17 per cent, are ; 

 common to Norway, 32 per cent, to Britain, and 63 per cent, to the coasts j 

 of Spain and tlie Mediterranean. Two only are W. Indian shells, Neritina 

 viridis and Columhella cribaria. Of the African shells found here, and not 

 met with in more northern localities, the most remarkable are : — 

 Crassatella divaricata. RaneUa laevigata. Cymba proboscidalis. 1 



Cardium costatum. Cassis flammea. Conus betulinus. ' 



Lucina Adansoui. „ testiculus. „ Prometheus. 



Cerithium uodulosum. Cymba Neptuni. ,, Guinaicus. 



INIurex saxatilis. ,, porcina. „ papilionaceus. ' i 



Madeira. Mr. M'Andrew obtained 156 species at Madeira, of which ; 

 44 per cent, are British, 70 per cent, common to the Mediterranean, and 

 83 to the Canaries. Amongst the latter are the two W. Indian shells before j 

 mentioned, and the following Afi-ican shells : — j 



Pedipes. Mitra fusca. Patella crenata. I 



Litorina striata. „ zebriua. ,, guttata. ,; 



Solarium. Marginella guancba. „ Lowei. 



Scalaria cocblea. CanceUaria, „ Candei. 



Natica porceUana. Monodonta Bertheloti. Pecten corallinoides. 



* Hist. Naturelle des lies Canaries ; the list of shells is reprinted with the additions ( 

 made by Mr. M' Andrew, as one of the Catalogues of the British Museum.. \ 



