1 



•^86 Manual op the mollusca. i 



Archipelago 90, Anatolia 50, Caucasia 20, Syria 30, Lower Egypt and Algeria ' 



HO, Spain 26, and Portugal 15 Helicidcs and 9 Limacidce. ^' \ 



Mediterranean Islands. '! 



Corfu, Cyprus, Rhodes, Syra, Candia, and Crete, have each a few 



))eculiar land snails, amounting to 40 species altogether, 1 



Balearic Isles. Helix Graellsiana, hispanica (var. balearica,) nyellii, ' 

 minoricensis ; and Cyclostoma ferrugineum, common to Spain and Algeria. 



Corsica. Helix Raspaili, tristis, Clausilia 4 sp. j 



Sardinia. Helix Sardiensis, meda, teaui-costata. Pupa 2, Clausilia 1. 



Malta has two peculiar species of Helix, and a Clausilia {scalaris). 



Sicily has 40 peculiar Helices and B Limaces. This island is connected 

 with N. Africa by a winding shoal with deep water on each side. 



Madeira Group. j 



These ancient volcanic islands, 660 miles S. W. of Portugal, consist of ; 



Madeira, with Fora and 3 other islets called Dezertas, and Porto Santo, 26 miles 1 

 to the N. E., with the rocky islets Ferro, Baxo and Cima.* The land-snails 



liave been described by the Rev. R. T. Lowe.f and form the subject of a | 



monograph by Dr. Albers ; | the investigations of Mr. Vernon Wollaston have | 



nearly doubled the number of known species, which now amount to 132. i 



The Fitrinte belong to the section Helico-limax ; the Cyclostomas to the ' 

 sub-genus Craspedopoma, and half the Pupas to Vertigo. 



-^'■^0" 1 Biilimus 2 CioneUa 3 Limnsea 1 



Liraax 4 Glandina 4 Pupa 2:3 Ancylus 1 , 



Testacella 2 Azeca 3 Balea 1 Conovulus .... 3 \ 



"^'itrina 3 Tornatellina . . 1 Clausilia 3 Pedipes (afra.) . . 1 ■ i 



Helix 76 Zua 2 Cyclostoma.... 2 : 



Of the 92 found in Madeira or the Dezertas, 70 are peculiar ; 54, of 



which 39 are peculiar, inhabit Porto Santo and its islets ; 11 others, of which \ 

 4 are widely diffused, are common to Madeira and Porto Santo. One species^, 



is peculiar to the Dezerta Grande; 1 species and 1 variety to the S. ] 



Dezerta (Bugio) ; 1 to the Northern (Cho) ; one variety to Ferro. Seven j 



species are common to the Dezertas; 1 to the great and northern j 



Dezertas; 5 to Madeira and Dezerta Grande; and 3 to Madeira, P. I 



Santo, and the Dezertas. Of those species, which inhabit more than one I 



island, the specimens from each locality are recognizable as distinct races, ' 



* These islands, and also the Canaries and Azores, contain marine formations \ 



(volcanic grits and tufas) with Miocene Tertiary shells. The islet of Baxo is \ 



quarried for lime. i 



t Primitije et novitiae Faunae et Floras Jladeree et Portus Sancti. 12mo. | 



Loud., 1851. Descriptive list of aU the species, by same author, Zool. Proc./o/- ia54. I 

 p. 16] . The statements and numbers given above are taken from this last monograph, 



forrecte i by Mr. Wollaston. ;j 



; Malacographia Maderensis, 4to. Berlin, 1854, with figures of all the species. \ 



