394 MANUAL OF THE MOLLUSCA. ; 



7. China and Japan. | 



The few land-snails known from China are of Indian and Lusitanian | 

 types ; viz. — Helix 12, Nanina 4, Streptaxis 1, (Cochin-China), Bulimus 5, 

 Achatina 1, Pupa 1, Clausilia 11, Succinea 1, Helicarion 6, Cyclophorus, 1, , 

 Cyclotus 1, Otopoma 1. In the I. of Chusan Dr. Cantor discovered the ' 

 genera Lampania and Inc'daria. The most characteristic bivalves are Glau- ' 

 comya Sinensis and Si/mphyriota plicata ; 3 species (or varieties) of Cyrena ;' 

 and 9 Corbiculas are described by Deshayes, and a Planorhis by Dunker. \ 



In the Japanese and Loo-choo Islands only 9 species of Helix, 2 of Na- ' 

 nina, 2 of Clausilia and 2 of Helicarion have been hitherto obtained. i 



8. Philippine Islands. ' 



The extraordinary richness of these islands has been developed mainly by '\ 

 the researches of Mr, Cuming. The Hellclda (above 300) are inferior in i 

 number only to those of Lusitania and the Antilles, and vastly superior in i 

 size and beauty of colouring. The Ci/clostomidce (55) are not much fewer ; 

 than in India. Nearly all the species are confined to particular islands, and ; 

 the repetition of forms makes it probable that many of them are geographical "* 

 varieties. The climate is equable, with a temperature like that of S. China (66° ; 

 — 84°) woods are prevalent, and tbe rains heavy — all circumstances favourable i 

 to the individual abundance of land snails. v 



HelicostyJa (mirabilis) Per. Some with sharply-keeled whirls have been • 

 called Geotrochi (Iberus of Albers.) Tbe Bulimi are chiefly of the section 



Orthosti/h's (Beck), large and highly coloured, with a hydrophanoics epidermis, \ 



the baads becoming translucent when wetted ; others, like the well-known B. \ 



perversas, represent the typical Brazilian forms. To these islands belong \ 



most of the helicina-shaped Cyclophori {Leptopoma.) \ 



The fresh-water shells are numerous ; above 100 were obtained by Mr. ] 



Cuming, including many species of Melania (54 ?) Navicella lineata and : 



suh orbicular is, 5 sp. of Glaucomi/a, Unio verecundas, a Corhicula, and 11 : 



sp. (?) of Cyrena. \ 



CeMes and Moluccas. From these islands we have on record, at pre- ' 



sent, 16 sp. of Helix, Nanina 19, Bulimus 3, Vitrina 2, (viridis and flam- ^ 



mulata, Quoy), Cyclophorus 1. In the fresh-water ponds and rividets Mr. A. j 



Adams found sp. of Melania, Assiminea, Ampullaria and Navicella ; Auricula | 



subulata, and Conovulus leucodon. Neritina sulcata was found on the foliage ^ 



of trees several hundred yards from the water. \ 



i 



