GASTEROPODA. 



465 



reproductive orifice below it aud beneath the mantle. Distr. New Zealand, 

 on leaves. 



Testacella, p. 168. During winter and dry weather the Testacella 

 forms a sort of cocoon in the ground by the exu- wi— ^^c-^^s^. 

 dation of its mucus. If this cell is broken, the "^ ^"^jj^^^^V.^ 

 animal may be seen completely shrouded in its / y/ i^^^^^^* 



thin opaque white mantle, which rapidly contracts \^y '^^^^^^H 

 until it extends but a little way beyond the margin ^"- ^ 



of the shell, l^g. 262 represents T. Maugei (lately 

 found by Mr. Cunnington, in fields near Devizes), ^^' ~'^~" 



just disturbed from its sleep ; s, the shell ; m, the contracted mantle. 



L1MN.EID.E. Mr. R. Warington has observed that the fresh-water snails 

 (and also Neritina) can lower themselves from aquatic plants by a mucous 

 -thread, and reascend hj the same ; a Pliysa could be lifted out of the water 

 by its thread. 



Planorbula, Haldemann, 1841, Planorbis armigerus. Say ; aperture 

 with 5 teeth, nearly closing the passage. 



GUNDLACHIA (aucyliformis) Pfeiffer, 1850. Presh-waters, Cuba. Shell 

 thin, obliquely conic ; apex inclined posteriorly ; base closed for two-thirds 

 by a fiat, horizontal plate; aperture semicircular. 



Adamsiella (mirabilis) Pfeiffer, 1851 = Choanopoma, Pfr. (part) 184?. 

 " Operculum thin, rather cartilaginous." Dlstr. 12 sp. Jamaica, Dema- 

 rara. Named after the late Prof. C. B. Adams, of Amherst, Mass. 



Opisthoporus, Benson, 1855. 0. biciliatus, Mouss. Shell like Ftero- 

 cyclus ; operculum double, margin grooved, interior concamerated. Distr. 

 4 sp. Singapore, Borneo, Java. 



ApJysia (like Loligo, p. 69) has several shells when old. 



TJmbrella, p. 187, has a minute sinistral nucleus, like Tylodlna. 



Stylochilus, Gould. Exped. shells. Aplysia longicauda Q,. and G. 

 Animal limaciform, cirrigerous, dilated at the sides, attenuated behind ; neck 

 distinct ; tentacles 4, long, linear, papillose, far apart ; lips dilated laterally 

 into tentacular processes. Distr. 3 sp. New Guinea, on 'Euci. 



CHIOR.ERA (leonina) Gould. Puget Sound. Appears to be a nudi- 

 branche resembling Glauaus, with oral cirri. 



Rhodope (Verauii) Kolliker, 1847. Animal minute, similar to Lima- 

 pontia ? worm-shaped, rather convex above, fiat beneath ; without mantle, 

 gills, or tentacles. Upon algae, Messina. 



BRACHIOPODA. 



In the summer of 1855, Messrs. M'Andrew and Barrett obtained, on the 

 coast of Norway, living examples of Rhynchonella psittacea, Waldheimia 

 craiilum, Terebratulina capid-serpentis, and Crania anoniala. The two last 

 projected their cirri beyond the margins of the opened valves, and moved 



