TRYPANOSOMA IN BIEDS IN INDIA. 437 



(13), cliiefly Dattoii^ wlio defiuitely recognised and figured 

 these organisms in his report in 1902 (14). 



Since then Castellani, working on the Royal Society's 

 Commission on sleeping sickness, has discovered these para- 

 sites in the blood and cerebro-spinal fluid of patients suffering 

 from this disease in Uganda, and Bruce has shown that 25 

 per cent, of the population on the north shore of the Victoria 

 Nyanza have this parasite in the blood. 



Species of trypanosoma, as parasites in animals other than 

 Mammalia, have been from time to time described. 



The original trypanosoma (T. sanguinis [1]) was dis- 

 covered in the blood of species of frog (Ran a esculcnta, 

 temporaria, and Hyla arborea) by Gruby in 1843. 



T. Eberthi (2) was described in 1861 as occurring in the 

 intestine of birds. 



The discovery of T. Balbiaui (3), in 1882, in the intestinal 

 canal of Ostrea edulis and angulata showed that these 

 parasites are not confined to the group of the Vertebrata ; and 

 Labbe, in 1891, described T. Danilevskyi (5), which he 

 found in the intestine of leeches ; these, however, had appa- 

 rently sucked the blood of horses or asses. 



Amongst the group of fishes trypanosoma parasites have 

 been described chiefly by Mitrophanon in 1884, in Cobitis 

 fossilis (T. cobitis [4]), also in Tinea vulgaris ami 

 Carassius vulgaris (T. carassii [4]). 



As far as I can ascertain from an examination of the 

 literature of the subject, these parasites in the blood of birds 

 have not been hitherto described. 



Eberth, in 'Zeitschrift fiir wisseuschaftliche Zoologie,' 

 vol. xi, p. 98, has described a trypanosoma in the intestine of 

 birds; these were found in the Lieberkuhn's glands of the 

 csecum and ileum, but from his description it appears to be a 

 totally different parasite from that above described. 



