H'pecieH of the (Jc/diM JylmerdtiH. 471 



effectod undor tho influcnco of troUuH. Tho ancestral 

 yellow gubrnarginal BpotH have darkened, but to a far 

 lesH extent than in l/ro'duH. 



Finally in i\icA'iJ/inu:i form of the (amale Pw/nlio f/fMiMus, 

 only found in a certain proportion of the females in the 

 southern part of the range, we have the youngest of thexe 

 mimics. The mimetic res^.-mblance is in some respects 

 less perfect tlian in the other two Papilios, but, as regards 

 the red spots of the hind-wing under surface, it has been 

 alrea/ly sliown that this form presents the cloHe;st likeness 

 of the three. 



The EvoLrjTiov of thk mimktjc pattkkv of Limknitis 

 (Basilaiujhia; a.sitanax nto.vr that of thk non- 



MIMETKJ L. AIlTHKMfS. 



As regards the upper siirface of aMi/anax the main and 

 almost the only difference from ar/Joemifi consists in the 

 disappearance of the white band of both wings, tf^^gether 

 with all but a trace of the subapical white markings of 

 the 'fore-wing, and the sprea^ling of an iridescent blue or 

 greenish tint over and within the area formerly occupied 

 by the band. Towards its inner limits the iridescent tint 

 failes gradually into the dark ground colour of the wings. 

 The iridescence is clearly an extension of the colour- 

 ing seen in the marginal markings of artlvemifs. The 

 dimorphism in tint — blue or greenish — is cl^aracteristic 

 of the ancestral form no less than of its descendant. The 

 reddi.sh siibmarginal spots commonly seen on the hind 

 wings of arth/'/m/ifi ara rarer and far less developed in the 

 specimens of oMyaruxx which I have seen. The converse 

 relationship holds in the fore-wings, where however the 

 red 8fX)ts are less developed in oMyaruiK tlian in the hind- 

 wing of artliArrhis. 



Upon the under surface the changes are greater ; for 

 not only is there a similar disappearance in oMyo/n/juc 

 of the white markings of arthc/miH, but the whole ground 

 colour has become of an iridescent dark greenish-brown, 

 against which the re^Jdish spots near the base of both 

 wings and in their submarginal region, show up very 

 prominently. Although from this cause fcir more con- 

 spicuous, the submarginal red spots of the hind-wing have 

 become greatly reduced in oMyoMo^;, in correspondence 

 with the increase in size of the crescentic black and 



