some British East African Butterjiies. 497 



a. Amauris niavius dominicanus-centred Oonibination. 



This well-marked combination contains, in addition to 

 the Danaine model, the following species, of which all 

 except Euxanthe wahcfieldi, Ward, ? , are beautiful mimics. 

 The pattern of this latter is indeed rather that of the 

 ocA/ea-centred combination, with which it is represented 

 on Plate XXVII, fig. 2, In the living state however, 

 in spite of its pattern, the female of Euxanthc wahefiddi is 

 more closely allied to the larger more broadly white- 

 marked combination oi Aynaiiris niavius dominicanus, well 

 shown on Plate XXVI. 



Nymphalin^. Hypolimnas {Euralia) usamhara, Ward. 



Hypolimnas (Euralia) wahlbergi, Wallgr. 



E'uxanthe ivakefieldi, Ward, $. 

 PAPILIONINiE. Papilio dardanus, Brown, sub-sp. tibuUus, 

 Kirb., $ f, hipijocoon, F. 



Amauris niavius, L., sub-sp. dominicanus, Trim.* (Plate 

 XXVI, fig. 1). The central model of this association is 

 very common in shady places, and sometimes extremely 

 abundant ; whilst its broad black and white markings 

 make it very conspicuous. 



\Rahai, May 1, 1906. A. dominicanus can almost 

 always be distinguished even on the wing from H. walil- 

 hergi and P. dardanus. WaJdbergi is almost destitute of 

 marginal white spots and so the black and white look 

 much more distinct ; whilst P. dardanus has this marginal 

 series much more developed than the model.] 



Euralia {Hypolimnas) usamhara., Ward (Plate XXVI, 

 fig. 3), is the largest member of the combination, and, 

 in spite of considerable differences in details of coloration, 

 strongly resembles Euxanthc wahefiddi $ on the wing, 

 when the bright, orange-brown border on the under side 

 of the hind-wings somewhat detracts from its apparent 

 size. As far as my experience goes it is by far the rarest 

 species of the combination and I have only met with it 

 in one locality at Rabai. 



[Bahai, September 12, 1908, I have taken two more 

 specimens of Euralia usam/iaori a week ago. I must con- 

 fess that the first took me in completely. It was hovering 

 over the end of a branch quite in the manner of the 

 Amauris model, for which I mistook it, and was just con- 

 sidering whether I should catch it for my spiders, when it 



