Dr. G. B. Longstaff' s Bionomic Notes on Butterjiies. 613 



I then tried the effect of rapid dismemberment 

 immediately after pinching : — 



{a) A $ seen on the wing with tufts displayed. It was 

 caught, pinched and the abdomen amputated. The abdo- 

 men yielded no scent, but what I may term the torso had 

 a slight acetylene scent, which appeared to come from the 

 wings. 



(/)) A ^ with the tufts displayed ; the amputated 

 abdomen yielded no scent, but the wings a moderate 

 *' acetylene " scent. 



(c) A ^ with the acetylene scent : amputation proved 

 that it was certainl}'^ not connected with the abdomen. 



{(l) A $ was dismembered : the scent appeared to come 

 from the thorax. 



(e) A $ with pungent odour was dismembered : the 

 scent appeared to originate in the thorax. 



(/) A $ was dismembered : the scent appeared to 

 come from either the thorax or the base of the wings. 



From these facts I am forced to the conclusion that in 

 Crastia and in Tiriimala the scent — which moreover is 

 common to both sexes — whatever its source may be, is 

 independent of the genital tufts which form such a 

 conspicuous feature. This conclusion is contrary to my 

 first impression — and certainly contrary to the impressions 

 of such an experienced collector as Commander J. J. 

 Walker, R.N.* 



Padcmma sinhala, Moore (Ceylon, 1908). Two ^ were 

 examined with the following results : — 



(«) Acetylene odour, moderate in the field, slight at 

 home, (h) Moderate acetylene scent in the field, none in 

 the house. It was alive ; on pinching it again the tufts 

 were protruded and there was a momentary strong acety- 

 lene scent. Of course it does not necessarily follow that 

 the scent emanated from the tufts. 



Narmada montana, Feld. (Ceylon, 1908). 5 $ all had 

 a strong, or at any rate decided, acetylene odour in the 

 field ; at home either no scent at all, or at most a faint 

 musty odour. In one case the strong acetylene odour 

 seemed to come from the upper surface of the body or 

 wings, while there was a suspicion of a sweet scent 

 (compared with some hesitation to sassafras) which 



* Compare Wood-Mason, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 1886, pp. 

 343-393, quoted by Dr. Dixey, Proc. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1906, p. vi'. 

 See also Longstaff, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1905, pp. 87, 108. 



