Dr. G. B. Longstaff's Bionomic Notes on Buttcrjlies. 661 



to supply the artist with adequate material. The tails 

 appear to be an impediment to the insect's flight. 



The three following species, Hesperia syrichthiis, Linn., 

 Anastrus simplicior, Moschl., and Ephyriades otreus, Cram., 

 all rest with the wings fully expanded. 



On the other hand, Carystus coryna, Hew., and Catia 

 drurii, Latr., rest with all the wings up ; in the case of the 

 latter the fore-wings are much sloped back. The only 

 specimen of the former that it has been my good fortune 

 to see alive was resting on a mass of silvery-white schist 

 or gneiss which shone in the sun with the same metallic 

 gleam as its " silver-washed " under-side.* 



Cyma?ncs silius, Latr., was noted in Tobago to settle with 

 the hind-wings horizontal, the fore-wings raised. 



In four species I have noted that the fore-wings (which 

 are somewhat ample) are convex upwards as in our English 

 Thanaos tages, Linn., these are : GorgytJiioi hegga, Prittw. ; 

 Cycloglypha thorisyhulus, Fabr. ; and Chiomara gesta, H. S,, 

 all met with in Venezuela, and Systacea erosa, Hlibn., in 

 Jamaica. 



Mr. Meyrick includes our malvx and tages in the genus 

 Hesperia ; but the difference in the form of the fore-wings 

 is very obvious during life, as is the difference in the 

 resting attitudes, and the distinctions seem to me to have 

 generic value. 



I have noted the folding of the hind-wings in the 

 following Ceylon Hesperids : — Telicota hamhitsm, Moore ; 

 Parnara viathias, Fabr. ; Bibasis sena, Moore, and 

 Badamia cxclamationis, Fabr.t 



Two of the above-named rest with the fore-wings erect, 

 the hind-wings erect, or nearly so, and all the wings 

 much sloped back : — Parnara mathias and Badamia cxcla- 

 mationis. 



The following Ceylon species settle with their wings 

 fully expanded like Geometers : — Tagiades ohscurus, Mab. 

 {distans, Moore) ; Caprona {Pterygospidca) ransonetti, Feld. ; 

 Hantana infcrmis, Feld. ; CeliBnorrhimis (Plesioneura) 

 spilothyrus, Feld. Of these the two last certainly settle 

 on the under-side of leaves ; they are neither of them so 

 swift of flight as many of the family, and there is no doubt 

 whatever that the habit greatly aids the concealment of 

 somewhat conspicuous insects. When in Ceylon previously, 



* Entom. Month. Mag., 1908, p. 120. 



t Compare Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1906, p. 112. 



