156 GAME-BIRDS OF INDIA 



OTIS TETRAX ORIENTALIS. 



THE LITTLE BUSTAED (Eastern form). 



Otis tetrax, Linn. S. N. i, p. 26-4 (1766) ; Jcnlon, B. of I. iii, p. 625 

 Bbjth, Ibis, 1867, p. 163 ; Beavan, ibid. 1868, p. 388 ; Blanford, Eas 

 Pers. ii, p. 287 ; ScuUij, S. F. iv, p. 184 ; Hume, ibid vii. p. 435 

 Ilnmc if- Marsh. Gavie-B. i, p. 3 ; Hume Cat. No. 836; ibid. S. F. 

 viii, p. Ill; Biddulph, Ibis, 1881, p. 84; SciiUu, ibid. p. 586 

 Swinh. ibid. 1882, p. 119; St. John, ibid. 1889, p. 175; Sharpe 

 Yaik. Miss. Aves, p. 145 ; Blanford, Avifauna B. I. iv, p. 193 ; Finn 

 In. Waders, p. 118; Ward, J. B. N. H. S. xvii, p. 945; Mitchell 

 ibid. XX, p. 1154 ; Stuart Baker, J. B. N. H. S. xxi, p. 38 (1911) 

 Ludlow, ibid. XXV, p. 394 (1917) ; ThornhiU, ibid. p. 487 (1918). 



Tetrax tetrax, Sharpe, Cat. B. M. xxiii, p. 287 ; ibid. Iland-L. i, p. 174 

 Gates, Cat. Emis B. M. ii, p. 85 ; ibid. Game-Birds, i, p. 409. 



Otis tetrax orientalis, Hartert, Nov. Zoo. xxiii, p. 339 (1916). 



Vernacular Names. Chota tiliir, Obara (Punjabi) ; Kuni-tokosi, Titrki, 

 Chara.; (Baluclii). 



Adult Male in Breeding Plumage. — General colour above sandy-buff, 

 coarsely vermiculated with black, and also showing some black 

 blotches in the centre of the feathers ; rump a little greyer than the 

 back, the feathers being freckled with whitish instead of sandy-buff; 

 upper tail-coverts white or white mottled with a few blackish 

 markings ; wing-coverts like the back, but somewhat more sparsely 

 vermiculated with black ; lesser and median coverts white at the 

 tips, and more or less freckled with black ; the external coverts, 

 bastard-wing and greater coverts pure white, the inner ones slightly 

 freckled or spotted with blackish; primary-coverts blackish, narrowly 

 tipped with white ; quills white, mostly blackish towards the ends, 

 the tips of these feathers being again white, so that the black mark 

 becomes subterminal; the outer primaries blackish with white bases, 

 the white gradually increasing towards the secondaries, which are 

 almost entirely white with an occasional spot of black. Innermost 

 secondaries like the back; tail-feathers coarsely freckled with black 

 on a white ground and crossed by four distinct bars of blackish, 



