126 Part III —Twenty-fourth Annual Report 
The extensive overlapping between luscus and minutus and between 
minutus and esmarkii renders this character of value only as a distin- 
guishing feature between luscus and esmarkit. In luscus the first anal is 
always more than twice as long as the second anal; in esmarkii it is 
usually less than twice the length of the second anal. 
The above is the most promising relationship between the lengths of 
the fin-bases in any of the species. 
The three species agree fairly closely in the lengths of the dorsal fins, 
but show wide diversity in the lengths of the anal fins. If we add the 
bases of the fins of each species together, keeping the dorsal and anal 
groups separate, the relations will be seen more easily. 
Sum of Bases Sum of Bases 
Species. of Dorsal Fins | of Anal Fins 
(Average Sizes). | (Average Sizes). 
Gusts. os 49°3 54:8 
G. minutus, .. 50°7 46°5 
G. esmarkit, beg 50°5 44:4 
In each species a portion of the dorsal edge equal to half the length of 
the fish bears fin-rays. On the anal edge the size of the fin-bearing part 
varies with the species. 
The Number of Rays in the Unpaired Fins. 
In the accompanying Table are arranged the average, maximum and 
minimum number of rays found for each fin. A detailed analysis of the 
numbers of fin-rays in each fish is given in Tables I, IJ, III. The range 
of variation in each species is shown in Table V. 
1D: 2D. | 3 D. | 1A. 2A, 
Species. | ie 
Max.| Av. | Min. | Max.| Av. Min. Max. | Av. | Min. | Max.| Av. | Min. | Max. | Av. | Min. 
hee sea —|-— =a as 7 = nooo. | ee ee 
G. luseus 15 13'5| 12 26 23 21 22 20 18 36 bt 31 22 21 18 
G. minutus. 15 | 13 11 26 2B || Ay | 23 2a 19 | 31 28 | 26 23 22 | 20 
G. esmarkii. 18 15 14 29 25 21 29 26 23 | 32 29 24 30 27 24 
In respect of the first dorsal, Juscus and minutus agree closely both 
in average, 13, and in the range of variation, 15-11. Hsmarkii has a 
larger number of rays, viz., 15 on the average, with a maximum and 
minimum of 18 and 15 rays respectively. 
In the second dorsal the two former species are again almost identical 
with an average of 23, while esmarkzi has an average of 25. 
The close agreement persists between /uscus and minutus in the 
third dorsal also, esmarkiz having in this fin also a higher average. 
The first anal, however, brings about a separation between duscus and 
minutus ; this was, of course, apparent also when the length of the fin- 
bases were discussed. Luscus has 34 fin-rays, and minutus 28 rays in 
the fin, while esmarkit approaches the latter closely, having an average 
of 29. 
