The Material Culture of the Eskimo in West Greenland. 163 



that primitive man only knew two ways of uniting rigid objects in 

 protraction of each other, viz. by securing the bevelled ends of the 

 objects either by nails or by lashings. ^ 



Fig. 21, с is an arrow-shaft found on the top of a mountain in the 

 interior of North Disco ; d — e are various bone points, all of antler and 

 greatly warped from having lain in the ground. All are very carefully 

 constructed and have, for instance, been very smooth with keen edges 

 and sharp points. 



Fig. 21, d—g. Hunde Eiland. 



— h , Kronprinsens Eiland, 



— i , Ujarassugssuk. 



— к , Disco Fjord. 



Figure 23 shows an arrow-point which by its smallness differs from 

 all with which I am familiar both from literature and life. It is of ivory 

 with an inserted iron-blade. It has been most carefully constructed, 

 too carefully for the possibility of its being a toy. It is said to have 

 been used for the shooting of ptarmigan on the snow. (Disco Fjord). 



-**"%- 



^-ilZil^iS»"^^ 



Зет 



Fig. 23. An uncommonly small, well-made arrowpoint 

 for ptarmigan shooting on the snow. 



I have procured a new specimen of the peculiar arrow-point for 

 shooting Caribou, which is termed pangaligtoq (from pangaligpoq, 

 272), and the use of which I have previously described (Arb. f. d. Dan- 

 ske Arktiske Station, No. 5). It is only the point itself, and, like the 

 former point, of ivory, but differs in that the downward pointed barbs 

 are double (see Fig. 22, c). Its "automatic" penetration must have 

 been still more effectively insured. 



VI. Lances. 



The object of the lance is to give the mortal wound to the animal 

 previously harpooned, or shot with the rifle. Moreover it is this 

 weapon, and not the harpoon, as some authors write, which is employed 

 when attacking non-diving animals like Caribou or Polar bears in the 

 water from a kayak or boat. For the hunting of seals from the ice, on 

 the contrary, the lance is not used; it is superfluous, as here man is far 

 superior to the seal and can kill it with anything at hand, and without 

 possessing any special implement for the purpose. 



In West Greenland two forms of lances are known. 



* A fuller account of the subject will appear elsewhere. 



