On the Genus Antennaria in Greenland. 269 



under A. alpina three varieties, viz.: var. ramosissima Lange, var. Frie- 

 seana Trautv., and var. Hansii Kern. The first of these is probably 

 an abnormity, as it has not been found since, and as regards the last 

 RosENViNGE urges, in "Andet Tillæg" to "Conspectus Fl. Groenl.", pag. 

 699, that it is not Kerner's plant, but only an accidental form of A. 

 alpina. After having seen the specimen myself, I am entirely of the 

 same opinion; this also has not been found since. In the same paper 

 RosENViNGE describes a new variety, intermedia, to which I shall refer 

 more fully later. 



I shall now deal with the occurrence of the species of Antennaria, 

 to be met with in Greenland: 



1. Antennaria alpina (L.) Gaertn. (See Figs. Id, 2d, 3) 

 is widely distributed ; it is known throughout the Danish part of West- 

 Greenland, where it is a common plant, at least in the two thirds of 

 the most southerly part of the country. In southern Greenland Rosen- 

 viNGE includes it among the plants characterising the "Urtelier" of 

 the lowland, which however does not prevent its appearance high 

 up in the mountains; it is even found 4100 feet above sea level 

 on "Jensens Nunatakker". In the latitude of Disko the plant can 

 still be found in elevated localities, but already here however its 

 preference for the most sheltered and fertile spots in the lowland is quite 

 evident, and this becomes still more pronounced in a latitude of 72° 

 North. Nathorst found it even at Cape York, 76°7', and Simmons on 

 GrinneU Land at Hayes Sound 79°4'. On the East coast it has been 

 found from the extreme South to 71°40', where it is common in the 

 better known localities ; on the other hand it was not found by the "Dan- 

 marks Expedition" in North-eastern Greenland. Again it occurs at many 

 places in the Arctic-American Archipelago, right up to Melville Island; 

 also in the Arctic, Subarctic and Alpine parts of the North American 

 Continent, besides in the Rocky Mountains, on both sides of Bering 

 Strait, where it seems to be replaced by A. carpathica\ it is found on the 

 Altai Mountains and right out towards the Arctic Sea in Arctic Russia 

 and Scandinavia; it appears on Kolgujew and in Iceland, but is not 

 found on Jan Mayen, Spitzbergen, Franz Joseph Land and Novaia Zemlia. 

 In other words A. alpina is an Arctic-alpine, almost circumpolar species, 

 which however does not reach the utmost limits of vegetation. 



A. alpina varies greatly in Greenland; besides the differences in size 

 and in other respects apparently depending on the nature of the habitat, 

 the variations are as follows: 

 Shoot-formation; the procumbent runner-like shoots are more or less 



developed, or sometimes quite missing. 

 Hairiness; sometimes the leaves are closely white-felted on their lower 

 surfaces only {A. alpina, a, in J. Lange, Flora Danica, tab. 2786) 

 and at other times on both surfaces {ß, canescens J. Lange, ibid.); 



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