14 Inurnors Narurat History Survey BULLETIN 
eighths inch square will serve for most 
mayfly wings. The weight of this coverslip 
will serve to hold the wings flat and in 
place as the alcohol evaporates. 
When most of the alcohol has evaporated, 
but the wings are still slightly damp, a 
narrow strip of gummed paper is moistened 
and affixed along each of the lateral margins 
of the coverslip. The strips of paper serve 
to hold the coverslip in place during the 
drying process. After the mount is com- 
pletely dry (it is best to let the preparation 
stand 24 hours to be sure it is dry), strips 
of gummed paper are affixed to the top 
and bottom margins of the coverslip to 
make a permanent mount. Gummed paper 
having animal glue should be used, as it 
can be relied upon to adhere tightly to the 
polished glass surfaces for years. These 
slide preparations may then be studied and 
stored, as ate the balsam mounts of the 
genitalia. ‘They must, however, always be 
handled carefully, as the wings are most 
fragile after they are thoroughly dry. 
Literature 
The mayflies, in contrast with many other 
insect groups, are fairly well known for the 
world as a whole. The great majority of 
specimens of adults from anywhere in the 
world can be placed generically with the 
keys of Ulmer (1933, 1939). Generic 
keys to the nymphs of the world are not 
so readily available, but Ulmer (1940) 
keyed out many nymphs, and most of the 
faunal papers cited below include keys to 
nymphs as well as adults. The excellent 
monograph of Eaton (1883-1888) © still 
serves for the generic and specific identifica- 
tion of the adults and nymphs of many forms 
from all parts of the world. 
A great many papers have been published 
which include keys and descriptions of the 
species of a single country or region. 
Klapalek (1909), Ulmer (1924a), and 
Schoenemund (1930) published keys and 
descriptions for the German and central 
European species of mayflies. Kimmins 
(1942) treated the British species, Perrier 
(1934) the French, Grandi (1941-1951) the 
Italian, and Lestage (1928 et seg.) the 
Belgian. Chernova (1940) described and 
keyed the nymphs of the Russian species. 
Barnard (1932, 1940) published on the 
South African species, Lestage (1925) 
cataloged and described part of the North 
Vol. 26, Art. 1 
African species, and Ulmer (1930) published 
a paper on some Abyssinian species. Chopra 
(1927) published a comprehensive paper on 
the Indian species, while Traver (1939) 
considered species endemic to the Himalayan 
region. Phillips (1930) published a revision 
of the New Zealand species. Ulmer (1924c, 
1939-1940) described the East Indian and 
Philippine species, Lestage (1921, 19245) 
treated the species of Indo-China, while 
Ulmer (1926a) published a large paper on 
the species of China, and Uéno (1931) 
treated those of the Japanese fauna. 
Traver (1938) published a work on the 
mayflies of Puerto Rico; she also (1944) 
treated many of the species of Brazil. Ul- 
mer (1938) treated the Chilean species. 
Needham & Murphy (1924), Ulmer (1942- 
1943), and Traver (1946-1947) published 
major contributions on the South American 
and Central American species. Spieth (1943) 
made some taxonomic notes on_ several 
species from Surinam and other Neotropical 
localities. 
The majority of the species of mayflies 
occurring in North America north of Mexico 
can be identified with the keys and de- 
scriptions of Traver (1935a). Despite the 
fact that some of the keys and many of the 
descriptions in her paper were compiled from 
the literature, and that various other work- 
ers have not agreed with her conclusions 
on a number of points, her work neverthe- 
less remains the greatest single contribution 
yet made to the study of North American 
mayflies. This paper is especially valuable 
in that it brings together the great number 
of descriptions of North American species 
that appeared in the nearly 50-year period 
between 1888 (the time that Eaton’s mono- 
graph was published) and 1935. McDun- 
nough (1921-1943) published a long series 
of extremely valuable papers containing 
descriptions and illustrations of a great 
many of the North American species of 
mayflies. Berner (1940-1950) studied and 
keyed out the Florida species. 
This list of works just cited does not, of 
course, constitute a complete bibliography 
of the world literature on mayfly classifica- 
tion, but it will serve to indicate the present 
extent of the comprehensive literature. 
The Walsh Species 
Benjamin D. Walsh became interested in 
mayflies and related insects about the year 
EE EEE 
