Localities in which Pellagra is Prevalent. 53 



merit. This case has the dimensions and general character 

 of one described as Halesus sp., by Professor Cornelius 

 Betten, New York Mus. Bui. 47, p. 569. The Kentucky case 

 has no wood about it, and the head of the larva is not 

 marked with black. 



Case- fly No. 9.— A rather slender cylindrical case with 

 thin walls covered with fine grains of sand was collected by 

 me June 15, 1892, in the Cumberland River, at Pineville. 

 Length 15 mm., diameter 3 mm. Very slightly tapering 

 from the head end. Both ends closed with a thin disc of 

 silk set a little distance within the aperture, the one in the 

 larger opening with a straight eccentric slit for respiration. 

 Edges of the apertures with bits of woody material attached. 



NEUROPTERA (HELLGRAMMITES). 



One of the most characteristic insects of the creeks and 

 rivers is the singular and formidable looking dobson or hell- 

 grammite {Corydalis cornuta) . It is more common under 

 rocks in these streams than I have ever observed it else- 

 where in the United States. Boys who were attracted by 

 curiosity to my operations called the larvae grampuses, and 

 expressed fear of them. They nip with their strong mandi- 

 bles with a good deal of spirit, and no doubt prove very 

 destructive to the small fry living in the rapids with them. 

 Adults gather in large numbers about the electric lights of 

 Pineville, in July, and some years ago I secured at an arc 

 light at the edge of the town more than I have collected 

 elsewhere in many years. They are calculated to have a 

 decided influence on the organisms of these waters, but are 

 at no stage of their lives to be greatly feared by man. The 

 adult males have a ferocious appearance from the great 

 length of their jaws, and will use them freely if given an 

 opportunity, yet they are ordinarily used only in self- 

 defense. The young make good bait, it is said. 



The Grampus (Corydalis cornuta). — Large, reaching 

 a length of over two inches. Black, pubescent, rough, 

 forbidding in appearance. Body flattened. Head large, 

 flattish, jaws strong. Legs short and stout, provided 



