9S 



-MARYLAND AURICLLTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 



has to deal with, l)y producing arouud the edge a reddish stain or discol- 

 oration, which penetrates for some depth in the formative tissues of the 

 bark, and is particularly noticeable when the scales are sparse and not 

 too crowded, or when upon fruit of an ordinary pale color. Another 

 peculiarity is, the relatively large si/e and bright yellow color of the 

 newly hatched young. At a short distance, when a branch or a tree is 

 badly affected and the scales overlap each other, the tree looks as though 

 it had been covered with lime or ashes, and when crushed or pressed or 

 scraped the mature insects beneath the scales, if alive or fresh, produce 

 a yellowish and rather greasy liquid. The accompanying figures, with 

 the explanations underneath, show very well their appearance npon the 

 pear, (Fig. 1); their general appearance on an apple branch, (Fig. 2); a 

 ventral view of the young scale with a larger view of one of its antenna- 



Fj(.. 4.— San Jose Scale : male adult— greatly enlai'sed.— ifroiii If/.stcf Life.) 



(Fig. 3); a dorsal view of the male (Fig. 4); and a ventral view of the 

 female (Fig. 5); with her young developing, and with a large outline of a 

 portion of the anal i)late — the three last figures being very largely mag- 

 nified and the natural size approximately indicated within an accompany- 

 ing circle. The ordinary fruit grower would hardly be able to separate 

 it from several other common insects which have existed in Maryland 

 from time immemorial, were it not for the smaller size and the reddening 

 effect which it produces upon the bark. 



The ol)servations made in California, as well as those made in the 

 East and especially at the Department of Agriculture and recorded 



