90 MARYLAN^D AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATIOX. 



mised, on the authority of Mr. John Britton, of San Jose, that it was in- 

 troduced into California upon trees received from Chile by the late 

 James Lick. 



In Bulletin 7, of the New Mexico College of Agriculture, published 

 in June, 1892, Mr. C. H. Tyler Townsend, entoniol()gist of the station, 

 •■ecords the occurrence of the species at Las Cruces upon apple, pear, 

 plum, peach, quince and rose, and states that it was brought into New 

 Mexico on young trees from California. The winter eggs are mentioned 

 in Mr. Townseud's account as turning orange-yellow in sprihg and hatch- 

 ing the first or second week in May. 



ITS HISTORY IN THE ATLANTIC STATES. 



■*■ 



Early in August, 1S!»3, specimens of this species were first l)roughtto 

 my attention, while yet government entomologist, by Prof. B. T. GalloAvay, 

 Chief of the Division of Vegetable Pathology, U. S. Department of Agri- 

 culture, who received it on a pear sent by Dr. C. H. Hedges, of Charlottes- 

 ville, Va., who had mistaken it for a fungus disease. Kecognizing the 

 importance of the matter, I drew attention to this introduction at the 

 meeting of the Association of Economic Entomologists, at Madison, 

 Wis., the latter part of the same mojith. On the supposition that it 

 might be restricted to Dr. Hedges' trees, I took active steps to furnish all 

 possible information about the subject, and endeavored to interest the 

 State Board of Agriculture of Virginia. ] liad the infested region at 

 Charlottesville, carefully investigated by Mr, E. A. Sciiwarz and Mr. D. 

 W. Cocjuillett, whose reports were i)ublished in Insect Life, Vol. 6, pp. 

 247 and 25:^. The insect was found upon pear, peach, plum, apple, 

 quince, rose, currant, gooseberry and raspberry. 1'he careful survey of 

 the field thus made seemed to justify the belief that this was a local and 

 restricted outbreak. At a meeting of the State Board of Agriculture at 

 Newport, \'a., I read a paper upon the subject, urging active measures 

 for its extermination, and pledging, on Secretary Morton's account, the 

 active co-operation of the National Department in such measures. 



Believing that the most effective way to extermiiuite it was by the use 

 of what is known as the gas treatment, i. e., the fumigation of the trees 

 under a tent by means of hydrocyanic acid gas, this being known as a 

 most effective insecticide and most likely to reach and kill all the insects, 

 my first efforts were in this direction. It was the first time that efforts 

 had been made to employ the gas treatment in the Eastern States, though 

 this treatment has been used for many years and is very popular in the 

 orange groves of California. Mr. Co(juillett, who had been the agent of 



